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In mathematics, the ATS theorem is the theorem on the approximation of a trigonometric sum by a shorter one. The application of the ATS theorem in certain problems of mathematical and theoretical physics can be very helpful.

History of the problem

In some fields of mathematics and mathematical physics, sums of the form

are under study.

Here and are real valued functions of a real argument, and Such sums appear, for example, in number theory in the analysis of the Riemann zeta function, in the solution of problems connected with integer points in the domains on plane and in space, in the study of the Fourier series, and in the solution of such differential equations as the wave equation, the potential equation, the heat conductivity equation.

The problem of approximation of the series (1) by a suitable function was studied already by Euler and Poisson.

We shall define the length of the sum to be the number (for the integers and this is the number of the summands in ).

Under certain conditions on and the sum can be substituted with good accuracy by another sum

where the length is far less than

First relations of the form

where are the sums (1) and (2) respectively, is a remainder term, with concrete functions and were obtained by G. H. Hardy and J. E. Littlewood,[1][2][3] when they deduced approximate functional equation for the Riemann zeta function and by I. M. Vinogradov,[4] in the study of the amounts of integer points in the domains on plane. In general form the theorem was proved by J. Van der Corput,[5][6] (on the recent results connected with the Van der Corput theorem one can read at [7]).

In every one of the above-mentioned works, some restrictions on the functions and were imposed. With convenient (for applications) restrictions on and the theorem was proved by A. A. Karatsuba in [8] (see also,[9][10]).

Certain notations

[1]. For or the record

means that there are the constants and such that

[2]. For a real number the record means that

where

is the fractional part of

ATS theorem

Let the real functions ƒ(x) and satisfy on the segment [ab] the following conditions:

1) and are continuous;

2) there exist numbers and such that

and

Then, if we define the numbers from the equation

we have

where

The most simple variant of the formulated theorem is the statement, which is called in the literature the Van der Corput lemma.

Van der Corput lemma

Let be a real differentiable function in the interval moreover, inside of this interval, its derivative is a monotonic and a sign-preserving function, and for the constant such that satisfies the inequality Then

where

Remark

If the parameters and are integers, then it is possible to substitute the last relation by the following ones:

where

On the applications of ATS to the problems of physics see,;[11][12] see also,.[13][14]

Notes

  1. G.~H. Hardy and J.~E. Littlewood. The trigonometrical series associated with the elliptic $\theta$-functions. Acta Math. 37, pp. 193—239 (1914).
  2. G.~H. Hardy and J.~E. Littlewood. Contributions to the theory of Riemann Zeta-Function and the theory of the distribution of primes. Acta Math. 41, pp. 119—196 (1918).
  3. G.~H. Hardy and J.~E. Littlewood. The zeros of Riemann's zeta-function on the critical line, Math. Z., 10, pp. 283–317 (1921).
  4. I.~M. Vinogradov. On the average value of the number of classes of purely root form of the negative determinant Communic. of Khar. Math. Soc., 16, 10–38 (1917).
  5. J.~G. Van der Corput. Zahlentheoretische Abschätzungen. Math. Ann. 84, pp. 53–79 (1921).
  6. J.~G. Van der Corput. Verschärfung der Abschätzung beim Teilerproblem. Math. Ann., 87, pp. 39–65 (1922).
  7. H.~L. Montgomery. Ten Lectures on the Interface Between Analytic Number Theory and Harmonic Analysis, Am. Math. Soc., 1994.
  8. A.~A. Karatsuba. Approximation of exponential sums by shorter ones. Proc. Indian. Acad. Sci. (Math. Sci.) 97: 1–3, pp. 167—178 (1987).
  9. A.~A. Karatsuba, S. M. Voronin. The Riemann Zeta-Function. (W. de Gruyter, Verlag: Berlin, 1992).
  10. A.~A. Karatsuba, M. A. Korolev. The theorem on the approximation of a trigonometric sum by a shorter one. Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Mat. 71:3, pp. 63—84 (2007).
  11. E.~A. Karatsuba. Approximation of sums of oscillating summands in certain physical problems. JMP 45:11, pp. 4310—4321 (2004).
  12. E.~A. Karatsuba. On an approach to the study of the Jaynes–Cummings sum in quantum optics, Numerical Algorithms, Vol. 45, No. 1–4 , pp. 127–137 (2007).
  13. E. Chassande-Mottin, A. Pai. Best chirplet chain: near-optimal detection of gravitational wave chirps. Phys. Rev. D 73:4, 042003, pp. 1—23 (2006).
  14. M. Fleischhauer, W.~P. Schleich. Revivals made simple: Poisson summation formula as a key to the revivals in the Jaynes-Cummings model. Phys. Rev. A 47:3, pp. 4258—4269 (1993).