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[[File:Otto Stolz.jpeg|thumb|Otto Stolz]] | |||
'''Otto Stolz''' (3 July 1842 - 23 November 1905)<ref>The ''Österreich-Lexikon'' and ''Almanach der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften'' for 1906 agree on 3 July 1842 - 23 November 1905. The MacTutor article gives 3 May 1842 to 25 October 1905.</ref> was an [[Austrians|Austrian]] [[mathematician]] noted for his work on [[mathematical analysis]] and [[infinitesimal]]s. Born in [[Hall in Tirol]], he studied in [[Innsbruck]] from 1860 and in [[Vienna]] from 1863, receiving his habilitation there in 1867. Two years later he studied in [[Berlin]] under [[Karl Weierstrass]], [[Ernst Kummer]] and [[Leopold Kronecker]], and in 1871 heard lectures in [[Göttingen]] by [[Alfred Clebsch]] and [[Felix Klein]] (with whom he would later correspond), before returning to Innsbruck permanently as a professor of mathematics. | |||
His work began with [[geometry]] (on which he wrote his thesis) but after the influence of Weierstrass it shifted to [[real analysis]], and many small useful theorems are credited to him. For example, he proved that a [[continuous function]] ''f'' on a [[closed interval]] [''a'', ''b''] with midpoint convexity, i.e., <math>f(\frac{x + y}{2}) \leq \frac{f(x)+f(y)}{2}</math>, has left and right [[derivative]]s at each point in (''a'', ''b'').<ref>Introduction to ''Mathematical inequalities.'' B. G. Pachpatte. 2005.</ref> | |||
He died in 1905 shortly after finishing work on ''Einleitung in die Funktionentheorie''. His name lives on in the [[Stolz-Cesàro theorem]]. | |||
==Work on non-Archimedean systems== | |||
Stolz published a number of papers containing constructions of non-Archimedean extensions of the real numbers, as detailed by Ehrlich (2006). His work, as well as that of [[Paul du Bois-Reymond]], was sharply criticized by [[Georg Cantor]] as an "abomination". Cantor published a "proof-sketch" of the inconsistency of infinitesimals. The errors in Cantor's proof are analyzed by Ehrlich (2006). | |||
==Notes== | |||
{{reflist}} | |||
==Bibliography== | |||
*Ehrlich, P. (2006) The rise of non-Archimedean mathematics and the roots of a misconception. I. The emergence of non-Archimedean systems of magnitudes. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci. 60, no. 1, 1–121. | |||
==External links== | |||
* [http://www.archive.org/details/almanach05wiengoog Almanach] for 1906, containing obituary | |||
* {{MacTutor Biography|id=Stolz}} | |||
* [http://www.aeiou.at/aeiou.encyclop.s/s880078.htm Österreich Lexikon], containing Stolz's photograph | |||
*[http://www.hausdermathematik.at/dokumentationszentrum/oesterreichischemathematiker/stolzotto.html] Haus Der Mathematik | |||
{{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. --> | |||
| NAME = Stolz, Otto | |||
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES = | |||
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = Austrian mathematician | |||
| DATE OF BIRTH = 3 July 1842 | |||
| PLACE OF BIRTH = | |||
| DATE OF DEATH = 23 November 1905 | |||
| PLACE OF DEATH = | |||
}} | |||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Stolz, Otto}} | |||
[[Category:1842 births]] | |||
[[Category:1905 deaths]] | |||
[[Category:19th-century mathematicians]] | |||
[[Category:Austrian mathematicians]] | |||
[[Category:Mathematical analysts]] | |||
{{austria-scientist-stub}} | |||
{{euro-mathematician-stub}} | |||
Revision as of 14:50, 5 November 2013
Otto Stolz (3 July 1842 - 23 November 1905)[1] was an Austrian mathematician noted for his work on mathematical analysis and infinitesimals. Born in Hall in Tirol, he studied in Innsbruck from 1860 and in Vienna from 1863, receiving his habilitation there in 1867. Two years later he studied in Berlin under Karl Weierstrass, Ernst Kummer and Leopold Kronecker, and in 1871 heard lectures in Göttingen by Alfred Clebsch and Felix Klein (with whom he would later correspond), before returning to Innsbruck permanently as a professor of mathematics.
His work began with geometry (on which he wrote his thesis) but after the influence of Weierstrass it shifted to real analysis, and many small useful theorems are credited to him. For example, he proved that a continuous function f on a closed interval [a, b] with midpoint convexity, i.e., , has left and right derivatives at each point in (a, b).[2]
He died in 1905 shortly after finishing work on Einleitung in die Funktionentheorie. His name lives on in the Stolz-Cesàro theorem.
Work on non-Archimedean systems
Stolz published a number of papers containing constructions of non-Archimedean extensions of the real numbers, as detailed by Ehrlich (2006). His work, as well as that of Paul du Bois-Reymond, was sharply criticized by Georg Cantor as an "abomination". Cantor published a "proof-sketch" of the inconsistency of infinitesimals. The errors in Cantor's proof are analyzed by Ehrlich (2006).
Notes
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Bibliography
- Ehrlich, P. (2006) The rise of non-Archimedean mathematics and the roots of a misconception. I. The emergence of non-Archimedean systems of magnitudes. Arch. Hist. Exact Sci. 60, no. 1, 1–121.
External links
- Almanach for 1906, containing obituary
- Template:MacTutor Biography
- Österreich Lexikon, containing Stolz's photograph
- [1] Haus Der Mathematik
Template:Austria-scientist-stub Template:Euro-mathematician-stub