Third law of thermodynamics: Difference between revisions

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{{For|the ''Angel'' episode|Ground State (Angel)}}
The best method to distinguish a person's ideal size is to have a thorough learning of the waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index. Although this is difficult to deal with initially, particularly when the individual becomes aware which they are not inside the general range. Acceptance is the first thing a individual requires to overcome, and then immediate action is taken. This is a simple overview of why you should obtain a healthy weight chart.<br><br>What is Body Mass Index? Body Mass Index, more commonly well-known as "BMI", is an indicator of the amount of body fat a person has. The BMI really divides your weight by the height to provide you the body fat analysis. The better amount of body fat a person carries, the more likely they are to experience health connected diseases. "Weight for height" is an important measurement because whenever you're inside the ideal range of weight for height, you can expect to reside the longest life possible with limited ailments. When a person steps out of this range, on either side; having too small weight or having too much weight, is whenever health difficulties happen.<br><br>The height/weight charts were developed for Metropolitan Life Insurance to determine when ladies and men were "fit" or not plus based coverage off of that. The charts later became normal practice for all. However waist to height ratio fat scales, height & weight charts, plus BMI charts just consider total body weight, or total weight inside proportion to height, to indicate if individuals are "ideal weight." Anyone interested in fat loss are striving to lose fat, not automatically fat. Charts are not a good indication of ideal body weight for general wellness or for athletic performance.<br><br>This sounds confusing, so I'll clear it up. I'm a certified personal trainer. Body mass index (BMI), is a measurement of body fat based on height and weight. Normal fat is a value of 18.5 to 24.9; overweight is 25 to 29.9, plus fat is 30 and above.<br><br>Combine this factor with increased caloric consumption and lack of exercise, and the results are rather heavy! The U.S. Department of Health reports as follows: U.S. farms plus slaughterhouses produce a typical 3700 calories a day for every man, woman, and child. This is 1/3 more than RDA for guys, and 2 occasions the RDA for females. Americans on average consume 64lbs. of meat per individual per year.<br><br>BMI is normally expressed inside metric values, however [http://safedietplansforwomen.com/waist-to-height-ratio waist height ratio] this can be converted to standard units. Many resources, particularly internet sites, have BMI calculators embedded inside them yet they all employ the same equation.<br><br>So once you've calculated the BMI, what if you do with it?  Throw it away.  It's useless.  Go stand in front of the mirror and jump. Do details jiggle which you'd rather not have jiggling?  Do a clothing fit the means you desire them to?  Do we have the muscle definition you'd like to have?  Those ought to be a measurements, not what the scale states. If you fit into your university jeans, which seems to be a woman marker, why does it matter what the scale states?<br><br>As you can see, the health problems that might arise due to the presence of excess fat inside the abdomen area are quite serious and if not controlled inside time, they may take a serious toll on the wellness of the person. Nevertheless, there is nothing that can't be attained with determination plus right guidance. Pull up a socks to lose additional fat! You can do it, in the event you truly like to do it. Just keep the future options inside mind: a figure you desire, healthy body and stress free life! Stay healthy!
[[Image:Energylevels.png|thumb|right|[[Energy level]]s for an [[electron]] in an [[atom]]: '''ground state''' and [[excited state]]s. After absorbing [[energy]], an electron may [[Atomic electron transition|jump]] from the ground state to a higher energy excited state.]]
The '''ground state''' of a [[quantum mechanics|quantum mechanical]] system is its lowest-[[energy]] [[stationary state|state]]; the energy of the ground state is known as the [[zero-point energy]] of the system. An [[excited state]] is any state with energy greater than the ground state. The ground state of a [[quantum field theory]] is usually called the [[vacuum state]] or the [[vacuum#The quantum-mechanical vacuum|vacuum]].
 
If more than one ground state exists, they are said to be [[degenerate energy level|degenerate]]. Many systems have degenerate ground states. Degeneracy occurs whenever there exists a [[unitary operator]] which acts non-trivially on a ground state and [[commutator|commutes]] with the [[Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)|Hamiltonian]] of the system.
 
According to the [[third law of thermodynamics]], a system at [[absolute zero]] [[temperature]] exists in its ground state; thus, its [[entropy]] is determined by the degeneracy of the ground state. Many systems, such as a perfect [[crystal lattice]], have a unique ground state and therefore have zero entropy at absolute zero.  It is also possible for the highest excited state to have [[absolute zero]] [[temperature]] for systems that exhibit [[negative temperature]].
{{clear}}
 
==Examples==
[[File:particle in a box wavefunctions 2.svg|thumb|right|upright|Initial wave functions for the first four states of a one-dimensional particle in a box]]
*The [[wave function]] of the ground state of a [[particle in a box|particle in a one-dimensional well]] is a half-period [[sine wave]] which goes to zero at the two edges of the well. The energy of the particle is given by <math>\frac{h^2 n^2}{8 m L^2}</math>, where ''h'' is the [[Planck constant]], ''m'' is the mass of the particle, ''n'' is the energy state (''n'' = 1 corresponds to the ground-state energy), and ''L'' is the width of the well.
*The wave function of the ground state of a hydrogen atom is a spherically-symmetric distribution centred on the [[atomic nucleus|nucleus]], which is largest at the center and reduces [[exponential distribution|exponentially]] at larger distances. The [[electron]] is most likely to be found at a distance from the nucleus equal to the [[Bohr radius]]. This function is known as the 1s [[atomic orbital]]. For hydrogen (H), an electron in the ground state has energy {{val|-13.6|u=eV}}, relative to the [[Ionization energy|ionization threshold]]. In other words, 13.6 eV is the energy input required for the electron to no longer be [[Bound state|bound]] to the atom.
 
*The exact definition of one [[second]] of [[time]] since 1997 has been the duration of 9,192,631,770 periods of the radiation corresponding to the transition between the two [[hyperfine]] levels of the ground state of the [[caesium]] 133 atom at rest at a temperature of 0 K.)<ref>
{{cite web
|title=Unit of time (second)
|work=SI Brochure
|url=http://www.bipm.org/en/si/si_brochure/chapter2/2-1/second.html
|publisher=[[BIPM]]
|accessdate=2013-12-22}}
</ref>
 
==Notes==
{{Reflist}}
==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|title=The Feynman Lectures on Physics|volume=3| first1=Richard |last1=Feynman|author1-link=Richard Feynman|first2=Robert |last2=Leighton|first3=Matthew|last3= Sands|year=1965|chapter=see section 2-5 for energy levels, 19 for the hydrogen atom|url=http://www.feynmanlectures.caltech.edu/III_toc.html}}
<!-- Covered in any QM textbook - from the Feynman lectures, see section 2-5 for energy levels, 19 for the hydrogen atom -->
 
[[Category:Quantum mechanics]]

Revision as of 23:48, 24 February 2014

The best method to distinguish a person's ideal size is to have a thorough learning of the waist-to-hip ratio and body mass index. Although this is difficult to deal with initially, particularly when the individual becomes aware which they are not inside the general range. Acceptance is the first thing a individual requires to overcome, and then immediate action is taken. This is a simple overview of why you should obtain a healthy weight chart.

What is Body Mass Index? Body Mass Index, more commonly well-known as "BMI", is an indicator of the amount of body fat a person has. The BMI really divides your weight by the height to provide you the body fat analysis. The better amount of body fat a person carries, the more likely they are to experience health connected diseases. "Weight for height" is an important measurement because whenever you're inside the ideal range of weight for height, you can expect to reside the longest life possible with limited ailments. When a person steps out of this range, on either side; having too small weight or having too much weight, is whenever health difficulties happen.

The height/weight charts were developed for Metropolitan Life Insurance to determine when ladies and men were "fit" or not plus based coverage off of that. The charts later became normal practice for all. However waist to height ratio fat scales, height & weight charts, plus BMI charts just consider total body weight, or total weight inside proportion to height, to indicate if individuals are "ideal weight." Anyone interested in fat loss are striving to lose fat, not automatically fat. Charts are not a good indication of ideal body weight for general wellness or for athletic performance.

This sounds confusing, so I'll clear it up. I'm a certified personal trainer. Body mass index (BMI), is a measurement of body fat based on height and weight. Normal fat is a value of 18.5 to 24.9; overweight is 25 to 29.9, plus fat is 30 and above.

Combine this factor with increased caloric consumption and lack of exercise, and the results are rather heavy! The U.S. Department of Health reports as follows: U.S. farms plus slaughterhouses produce a typical 3700 calories a day for every man, woman, and child. This is 1/3 more than RDA for guys, and 2 occasions the RDA for females. Americans on average consume 64lbs. of meat per individual per year.

BMI is normally expressed inside metric values, however waist height ratio this can be converted to standard units. Many resources, particularly internet sites, have BMI calculators embedded inside them yet they all employ the same equation.

So once you've calculated the BMI, what if you do with it? Throw it away. It's useless. Go stand in front of the mirror and jump. Do details jiggle which you'd rather not have jiggling? Do a clothing fit the means you desire them to? Do we have the muscle definition you'd like to have? Those ought to be a measurements, not what the scale states. If you fit into your university jeans, which seems to be a woman marker, why does it matter what the scale states?

As you can see, the health problems that might arise due to the presence of excess fat inside the abdomen area are quite serious and if not controlled inside time, they may take a serious toll on the wellness of the person. Nevertheless, there is nothing that can't be attained with determination plus right guidance. Pull up a socks to lose additional fat! You can do it, in the event you truly like to do it. Just keep the future options inside mind: a figure you desire, healthy body and stress free life! Stay healthy!

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