Chimney: Difference between revisions

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en>HotType918
removed reference to Aga Ovens preferring chimney caps/pots. statement is entirely irrelevant in context of history and smacks of advertisement.
en>Zzyzx11
→‎Chimney pots, caps and tops: WP:CREDITS - Unless relevant to the subject, do not credit the image author or copyright holder in the article - using AWB
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{{Refimprove|date=March 2009}}
Have we been thinking "how do I speed up my computer" lately? Well chances are in the event you are reading this article; then you are experiencing 1 of various computer issues that thousands of people discover that they face regularly.<br><br>So 1 day my computer suddenly started being strange. I was thus frustrated, because my files were missing, plus I cannot open the files which I needed, and then, suddenly, everything stopped working!<br><br>So, this advanced dual scan is not only one of the greater, nevertheless it is equally freeware. And as of all this that various respect CCleaner one of the greater registry cleaners inside the marketplace now. I would add that I personally like Regcure for the simple reason which it has a better interface and I recognize for a truth that it is ad-ware without charge.<br><br>Registry products have been tailored for one purpose - to wash out the 'registry'. This is the central database which Windows relies on to function. Without this database, Windows wouldn't even exist. It's so significant, which a computer is consistently adding and updating the files inside it, even if you're browsing the Internet (like now). This is terrific, but the issues occur whenever several of those files become corrupt or lost. This happens a lot, plus it takes a good tool to fix it.<br><br>Besides, in the event you may get a [http://bestregistrycleanerfix.com/system-mechanic system mechanic professional] which could work for you effectively plus immediately, then why not? There is 1 such program, RegCure that is good and complete. It has features that other cleaners do not have. It is the many recommended registry cleaner now.<br><br>The initially thing you should do is to reinstall any program that shows the error. It's typical for many computers to have certain programs which require this DLL to show the error whenever you try plus load it up. If you see a specific system show the error, you need to initially uninstall which program, restart your PC plus then resinstall the program again. This could substitute the damaged ac1st16.dll file and cure the error.<br><br>In other words, if a PC has any corrupt settings inside the registry database, these settings will make the computer run slower plus with a great deal of errors. And sadly, it's the case that XP is prone to saving countless settings from the registry inside the incorrect way, making them unable to run properly, slowing it down and causing a lot of errors. Each time we employ the PC, it has to read 100's of registry settings... plus there are usually a lot of files open at once that XP gets confuse plus saves many inside the wrong method. Fixing these damaged settings will boost the speed of your program... and to do which, you need to look to employ a 'registry cleaner'.<br><br>Most persons make the mistake of trying to fix Windows registry by hand. I strongly suggest you don't do it. Unless you're a computer expert, I bet we will spend hours and hours learning the registry itself, let alone fixing it. And why if you waste a valuable time in learning and fixing anything we know nothing about? Why not allow a smart and expert registry cleaner do it for you? These software programs will be able to work in a far better technique! Registry cleaners are quite affordable as well; you pay a 1 time fee and employ it forever. Also, most professional registry cleaners are truly reliable and user friendly. If you need more information on how to fix Windows registry, just visit my website by clicking the link below!
 
'''[[Amedeo Avogadro|Avogadro]]'s law''' (sometimes referred to as '''Avogadro's hypothesis''' or '''Avogadro's principle''') is an experimental [[gas laws|gas law]] relating [[volume]] of a gas to the [[amount of substance]] of gas present. A modern statement of Avogadro's law is:
<blockquote>
 
Avogadro's law states that, "equal volumes of all gases, at the same temperature and pressure, have the same number of molecules".
 
For a given mass of an [[ideal gas]], the volume and amount (moles) of the gas are directly proportional if the [[temperature]] and [[pressure]] are constant.
</blockquote>
which can be written as:
:<math>V \propto n\,</math>
or
:<math>\frac{V}{n}=k</math>
 
where:
 
:''V'' is the [[volume]] of the gas
:''n'' is the [[amount of substance]] of the gas (measured in [[mole (unit)|moles]]).
:''k'' is a [[Constant (mathematics)|constant]] equal to RT/P, where R is the universal gas constant, T is the Kelvin temperature, and P is the pressure.  As temperature and pressure are constant, RT/P is also constant and represented as ''k.'' This is derived from the [[ideal gas law]].
 
This law explains how, under the same condition of [[temperature]] and [[pressure]], equal [[volume]]s of all [[gas]]es contain the same number of [[molecule]]s. For comparing the same substance under two different sets of conditions, the law can be usefully expressed as follows:
 
:<math>\frac{V_1}{n_1} = \frac{V_2}{n_2}</math>
 
The equation shows that, as the number of moles of gas increases, the volume of the gas also increases in proportion. Similarly, if the number of moles of gas is decreased, then the volume also decreases. Thus, the number of molecules or atoms in a specific volume of ideal [[gas]] is independent of their size or the [[molar mass]] of the gas.
 
The law is named after [[Amedeo Avogadro]] who, in 1811,<ref>{{cite journal | first = Amedeo | last = Avogadro | authorlink = Amedeo Avogadro | title = Essai d'une maniere de determiner les masses relatives des molecules elementaires des corps, et les proportions selon lesquelles elles entrent dans ces combinaisons | journal = Journal de Physique | year = 1810 | volume = 73 | pages = 58–76 |url = http://books.google.com/books?id=MxgTAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA58#v=onepage&q&f=false }} [http://web.lemoyne.edu/~giunta/avogadro.html English translation]</ref> hypothesized that two given samples of an ideal gas, of the same volume and at the same temperature and pressure, contain the same number of molecules. As an example, equal volumes of molecular [[hydrogen]] and [[nitrogen]] contain the same number of molecules when they are at the same temperature and pressure, and observe [[ideal gas]] behavior. In practice, real gases show small deviations from the ideal behavior and the law holds only approximately, but is still a useful approximation for scientists.
 
==Mathematical definition==
Avogadro's law is stated mathematically as:
 
:<math>\frac{V}{n} = k</math>
Where:
:''V'' is the volume of the gas(es).
:''n'' is the [[amount of substance]] of the gas.
:''k'' is a proportionality [[Physical constant|constant]].
 
The most significant consequence of Avogadro's law is that the [[Gas constant|ideal gas constant]] has the same value for all gases. This means that:
:<math>\frac{p_1\cdot V_1}{T_1\cdot n_1}=\frac{p_2\cdot V_2}{T_2 \cdot n_2} = constant</math>
Where:
:''p'' is the [[pressure]] of the gas in the cell
:''T'' is the [[temperature]] in [[kelvin]] of the gas
 
==Ideal gas law==
A common rearrangement of this equation is by letting ''[[Gas constant|R]]'' be the proportionality constant, and rearranging as follows:
:<math>pV = nRT</math>
 
This equation is known as the [[ideal gas law]].
 
==Molar volume==
Taking [[Standard Temperature and Pressure|STP]] to be 101.325 [[kPa]] and 273.15 K, we can find the volume of one [[Mole (unit)|mole]] of a gas:
 
:<math>V_{\rm m} = \frac{V}{n} = \frac{RT}{p} = \frac{(8.314 \mathrm{ J} \mathrm{ mol}^{-1} \mathrm{ K}^{-1})(273.15 \mathrm{ K})}{101 325 \mathrm{ Pa}} = 22.41 \mathrm{ dm}^3 \mathrm{ mol}^{-1}</math>
 
For 100.000 [[kPa]] and 273.15 K, the molar volume of an ideal gas is 22.712 dm<sup>3</sup>mol<sup>−1</sup>.
 
==See also==
* [[Boyle's law]]
* [[Charles's law]]
* [[Combined gas law]]
* [[Gay-Lussac's law]]
* [[Ideal gas]]
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
==External links==
*[http://chimge.unil.ch/En/mat/1mat12.htm Avogadro's law] at the University of Fribourg
*[http://www.rsc.org/chemsoc/timeline//pages/1811.html Avogadro's law] at the Royal Society of Chemistry
 
[[Category:Gas laws]]
[[Category:Amount of substance]]
 
[[it:Volume molare#Legge di Avogadro]]

Revision as of 07:06, 17 February 2014

Have we been thinking "how do I speed up my computer" lately? Well chances are in the event you are reading this article; then you are experiencing 1 of various computer issues that thousands of people discover that they face regularly.

So 1 day my computer suddenly started being strange. I was thus frustrated, because my files were missing, plus I cannot open the files which I needed, and then, suddenly, everything stopped working!

So, this advanced dual scan is not only one of the greater, nevertheless it is equally freeware. And as of all this that various respect CCleaner one of the greater registry cleaners inside the marketplace now. I would add that I personally like Regcure for the simple reason which it has a better interface and I recognize for a truth that it is ad-ware without charge.

Registry products have been tailored for one purpose - to wash out the 'registry'. This is the central database which Windows relies on to function. Without this database, Windows wouldn't even exist. It's so significant, which a computer is consistently adding and updating the files inside it, even if you're browsing the Internet (like now). This is terrific, but the issues occur whenever several of those files become corrupt or lost. This happens a lot, plus it takes a good tool to fix it.

Besides, in the event you may get a system mechanic professional which could work for you effectively plus immediately, then why not? There is 1 such program, RegCure that is good and complete. It has features that other cleaners do not have. It is the many recommended registry cleaner now.

The initially thing you should do is to reinstall any program that shows the error. It's typical for many computers to have certain programs which require this DLL to show the error whenever you try plus load it up. If you see a specific system show the error, you need to initially uninstall which program, restart your PC plus then resinstall the program again. This could substitute the damaged ac1st16.dll file and cure the error.

In other words, if a PC has any corrupt settings inside the registry database, these settings will make the computer run slower plus with a great deal of errors. And sadly, it's the case that XP is prone to saving countless settings from the registry inside the incorrect way, making them unable to run properly, slowing it down and causing a lot of errors. Each time we employ the PC, it has to read 100's of registry settings... plus there are usually a lot of files open at once that XP gets confuse plus saves many inside the wrong method. Fixing these damaged settings will boost the speed of your program... and to do which, you need to look to employ a 'registry cleaner'.

Most persons make the mistake of trying to fix Windows registry by hand. I strongly suggest you don't do it. Unless you're a computer expert, I bet we will spend hours and hours learning the registry itself, let alone fixing it. And why if you waste a valuable time in learning and fixing anything we know nothing about? Why not allow a smart and expert registry cleaner do it for you? These software programs will be able to work in a far better technique! Registry cleaners are quite affordable as well; you pay a 1 time fee and employ it forever. Also, most professional registry cleaners are truly reliable and user friendly. If you need more information on how to fix Windows registry, just visit my website by clicking the link below!

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