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| {{DISPLAYTITLE:2010 SO<sub>16</sub>}}
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| {{Infobox planet
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| | width = 25em
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| | bgcolour = #FFFFC0
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| | name = {{mp|2010 SO|16}}
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| | discovery = yes
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| | discoverer= [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]]
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| | orbit_ref = <ref name="arxiv"/>
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| | epoch = January 4, 2010 (2455200.5)
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| | aphelion = 1.058 [[Astronomical unit|AU]] (Q)
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| | semimajor = 1.00039 AU (a)
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| | eccentricity = 0.075188
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| | inclination = 14.536[[degree (angle)|°]]
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| | asc_node = 40.523°
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| | mean_anomaly = 137.831° (M)
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| | arg_peri = 108.283°
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| | dimensions = 200–400 metres
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| | albedo =
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| | abs_magnitude = 20.7
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| }}
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| '''{{mp|2010 SO|16}}''' is a [[Near-Earth object|near-Earth asteroid]] discovered by the [[Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer]] [[space telescope]]. The orbit was described by [[Christou Apostolos]] and [[David Asher]] at the [[Armagh Observatory]] in [[Northern Ireland]].<ref name="arxiv">{{cite arxiv|date=2011-03-31|title=A long-lived horseshoe companion to the Earth|eprint=1104.0036|author1=Christou|author2=Asher|class=astro-ph.EP}}</ref> The object has a [[Magnitude (astronomy)|magnitude]] of 20.7 and is several hundred meters in diameter.
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| {{mp|2010 SO|16}} has a "[[horseshoe orbit]]" that allows it to stably share Earth's orbital neighborhood without colliding with it. It is one of a handful of known asteroids with such an orbit, a group that includes [[3753 Cruithne]]. It is, however, neither an [[Aten asteroid]] nor an [[Apollo asteroid]] because the [[semi-major axis]] of its orbit is neither less than nor greater than 1 AU, but oscillates between approximately 0.996 and 1.004 AU, with a period of about 350 yr.<ref name="arxiv"/> In its ~350 yr horseshoe cycle, it never approaches the Earth more closely than about 0.15 AU, alternately trailing and leading.
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| According to various simulations {{mp|2010 SO|16}} will remain in this orbit for at least 120,000 years and possibly for more than a million years, which is unusually stable compared to other similar objects.<ref name=techreview>[http://www.technologyreview.com/blog/arxiv/26608/Earth-Companion Asteroid Discovered in Horseshoe-Shaped Orbit], The Physics arXiv Blog, ''[[Technology Review]]'', 4/05/2011</ref> One reason for this stability is its low [[orbital eccentricity]], <math>< 0.084</math>.<ref name="arxiv"/>
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| ==See also==
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| *[[3753 Cruithne]] – a [[horseshoe orbit|horseshoe]] companion of the Earth
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| *{{mpl|2006 RH|120}} – a small asteroid that sometimes temporarily gets caught in Earth orbit
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| *{{mpl|2002 AA|29}} – a horseshoe companion of the Earth
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| *[[Natural satellite]]
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| ==References and footnotes==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| ==External links==
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| *[http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=2010+SO16&orb=1 JPL SO16 orbit simulation]
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| {{Small Solar System bodies}}
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:2010 So16}}
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| [[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 2010]]
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| [[Category:Earth-crosser asteroids]]
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| [[Category:Co-orbital minor planets]]
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