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| '''Topological excitations''' are certain features of classical solutions of [[gauge field theory|gauge field theories]].
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| Namely, a gauge field theory on a [[manifold]] <math>M</math> with a [[gauge group]] <math>G</math> may possess classical solutions with a (quantized) [[topology|topological]] invariant called ''topological charge''. The term ''topological excitation'' especially refers to a situation when the topological charge is an integral of a localized quantity.
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| Examples:<ref>F. A. Bais, Topological excitations in gauge theories; An introduction from the physical point of view. Springer Lecture Notes in Mathematics, vol. 926 (1982)</ref>
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| 1) <math> M = R^2 </math>, <math> G=U(1) </math>, the topological charge is called [[magnetic flux]].
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| 2) <math> M=R^3 </math>, <math> G=SO(3)/U(1) </math>, the topological charge is called [[magnetic charge]].
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| The concept of a topological excitation is almost synonymous with that of a [[topological defect]].
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| ==References==
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| <!--- See [[Wikipedia:Footnotes]] on how to create references using <ref></ref> tags which will then appear here automatically -->
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| {{Reflist}}
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Topological Excitations}}
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| [[Category:Theoretical physics]]
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Revision as of 20:02, 26 February 2014
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