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| In [[physics]] and [[biochemistry]], an '''energy landscape''' is a mapping of all possible conformations of a [[molecular entity]], or the spatial positions of interacting [[molecule]]s in a system, and their corresponding energy levels, typically [[Gibbs free energy]].
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| The term is useful when examining [[protein folding]]; while a protein can theoretically exist in a nearly infinite number of conformations along its energy landscape, in reality proteins fold (or "relax") into [[Protein secondary structure|secondary]] and [[Protein tertiary structure|tertiary structures]] that possess the lowest possible [[Thermodynamic free energy|free energy]]. The key concept in the [[Protein folding#Energy landscape of protein folding|energy landscape approach]] to protein folding is the ''[[folding funnel]]'' hypothesis.
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| In [[glass]]ing models, the [[Maxima and minima|local minima]] of an energy landscape correspond to [[metastability|metastable]] low temperature [[Thermodynamic state|states]] of a [[thermodynamic system]].<ref>{{cite book |last=Wales |first=David J. |title=Energy Landscapes |publisher=Cambridge University Press |year=2003 |page=68 |isbn=0-521-81415-4 |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=YQrB6s3LALEC }}</ref>
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| ==Formal definition==
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| Mathematically, an energy landscape is a [[continuous function]] <math>f : X \to \mathbb{R}</math> associating each physical state with an energy, where <math>X</math> is a [[topological space]].
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| In the continuous case, <math>X = \mathbb{R}^n</math>, where <math>n</math> is the number of [[degrees of freedom (physics and chemistry)|degrees of freedom]] of the system. The [[graph of a function|graph]] of a continuous energy landscape is a [[hypersurface]] in <math>\mathbb{R}^{n+1}</math>.
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| Hills and valleys in the energy landscape correspond to local [[maxima and minima]] of <math>f</math>, respectively.
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| ===Macroscopic example===
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| A well-oiled door hinge has one degree of freedom, so its energy landscape is a function <math>f : \mathbb{R} \to \mathbb{R}</math>. If the door hinge isn't mounted perfectly, the door will naturally swing closed, open, or to some partially open angle when it is allowed to swing freely. These angles correspond to states of minimal energy of the system, or valleys in the energy landscape.
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| ==See also==
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| * [[Potential well]]
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| ==References==
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| {{reflist}}
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| {{physics-stub}}
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| [[Category:Biochemistry]]
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Latest revision as of 02:42, 12 January 2015
Hello. Let me introduce the writer. Her title is Emilia Shroyer but it's not the most feminine title out there. Playing baseball is the hobby he will never quit doing. Years ago we moved to North Dakota. Since she was 18 she's been operating as a meter reader but she's always needed her own business.
My web-site - ninfeta.tv