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| An '''electromagnetic cavity''' is a [[resonator|cavity]] that acts as a container for [[electromagnetic field]]s such as [[photon]]s, in effect containing their [[wave function]] inside. The size of the cavity determines the maximum photon wave length that can be trapped. Additionally, it produces quantized [[energy level]]s for trapped charged particles like [[electrons]] and [[protons]]. The [[earth's magnetic field]] in effect places the [[earth]] in an electromagnetic cavity.
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| == Physical description of electromagnetic cavities ==
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| Electromagnetic cavities are represented by [[potential well]]s, also called ''boxes'', which can be of limited or unlimited depth V<sub>0</sub>.
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| [[Quantum-mechanic]] boxes are described by the time-independent [[Schrödinger equation]]:
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| :<math>\left[ - \frac{\hbar^2}{2m} \nabla^2 + V(\mathbf{r}) \right] \psi(\mathbf{r}) = E \psi (\mathbf{r}),</math>
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| with the additional [[boundary condition]]s
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| * the wave function is confined to the box (infinite deep potential well) or approaches zero as the distance from the wall increases to infinity, thus [[normalisable]]
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| * the wave function must be [[continuous function|continuous]]
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| * the [[derivative]] of the wave function must be continuous
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| which leads to real solutions for the wave functions if the net energy of the particle is negative., i.e. if the particle is in a [[bound state]].
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| == Applications of electromagnetic cavities ==
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| Electrons which are trapped in an electromagnetic cavity are in a [[bound state]] and thus organise themselves as they do in a regular [[atom]], thus expressing chemical-like behaviour. Several researchers have proposed to develop [[programmable matter]] by varying the number of trapped electrons in those cavities.<ref>[http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/9.10/atoms.html "Ultimate Alchemy"], ''Wired'', Issue 9.10, Oct 2001. Retrieved 23 October 2012</ref>
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| The discrete energy levels of electromagnetic cavities are exploited to produce photons of desired frequencies and thus are essential for nano- or submicrometre-scale [[laser]] devices.
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| == See also == | |
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| * [[Cavity resonator]]
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| * [[Crab cavity]]
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| * [[Schumann resonance]]
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| * [[Optical cavity]]
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| * [[Quantum dot]]
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| == References ==
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| {{Reflist}}
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| [[Category:Electromagnetism]]
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| {{Physics-stub}}
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Yoshiko is her title but she doesn't like when individuals use her complete title. The favorite pastime for him and his children is to drive and now he is trying to make cash with it. Delaware is our birth location. Managing individuals is what I do in my working day job.
My site - http://www.help.utopic-projects.fr/?q=node/26022