Liénard–Wiechert potential: Difference between revisions

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'''IT Grade''' refers to the International Tolerance Grade of an industrial process defined in [[International Organization for Standardization|ISO]] 286.<ref>ISO Standard 286 http://www.webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO+286-1%3a1988</ref>  This grade identifies what tolerances a given process can produce for a given dimension.
 
The specific Tolerance for a particular IT grade is calculated via the following formula:<ref>Professor Sridhar Kota: [[Mechanical Engineering|ME]] 452 – Design for Manufacturability, course notes, [[University of Michigan]].</ref>
:<math>T=10^{0.2 \times (ITG-1)} \cdot (0.45 \times \sqrt[3]{D}+0.001\times D)</math>
 
where:
*T is the tolerance in micrometres [µm]
*D is the [[geometric mean]] dimension in millimeters [mm]
*ITG is the IT Grade, a positive integer.
 
One thinks of <math>D</math> as being the key dimension on the part and <math>T</math> as being the required tolerance on that key dimension. The larger the ITG, the looser the tolerance.
 
==Meaning and interpretation==
An industrial process has an IT Grade associated with, indicating how precise it is.  When designing a part, an engineer will typically determine a key dimension (D) and some tolerance (T) on that dimension.  Using this formula, the engineer can determine what IT Grade is necessary to produce the part with those specifications.  Thus, if [[injection molding]] has an IT Grade of 13 and a part needs an IT Grade of 5, one cannot injection mold that part to those specifications. It is useful in determining the processes capable of producing parts to the needed specification.
 
==Alternate formulation==
The following{{Citation needed|date=June 2007}} has been proposed by an unsigned user, though no source is given. In "Manufacturing Processes II" (Tata McGraw-Hill Education) by H S Bawa, the following Equation is given on Page 95 for sizes over 500&nbsp;mm:
:<math>I = 0.004 \cdot D + 2.1</math>
:<math>T = k \cdot I</math>
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! ITG
| IT5
| IT6
| ...
| IT17
| IT18
|-
! k
| 7
| 10
| ...
| 1600
| 2500
|}
 
==See also==
*[[Tolerance (engineering)|Tolerances]]
*[[Manufacturing]]
*[[Interference fit]]
*[[Process capability]]
 
==References==
{{reflist}}
 
==External links==
*[http://www.engineersedge.com/international_tol.htm Engineer's Edge - IT Tolerance Grade Chart - All units shown in millimeters]
*[http://www.roymech.co.uk/Useful_Tables/ISO_Tolerances/ISO_LIMITS.htm ISO Hole and Shaft tolerances/limits], Roymech, UK.
*[http://itunes.apple.com/us/app/trelleborg-iso-fits/id396863755?mt=8 ISO Hole and Shaft Tolerances iPhone App], Trelleborg Sealing Solutions Germany.
 
[[Category:Mechanical standards]]

Revision as of 01:09, 1 November 2013

IT Grade refers to the International Tolerance Grade of an industrial process defined in ISO 286.[1] This grade identifies what tolerances a given process can produce for a given dimension.

The specific Tolerance for a particular IT grade is calculated via the following formula:[2]

T=100.2×(ITG−1)⋅(0.45×D3+0.001×D)

where:

  • T is the tolerance in micrometres [µm]
  • D is the geometric mean dimension in millimeters [mm]
  • ITG is the IT Grade, a positive integer.

One thinks of D as being the key dimension on the part and T as being the required tolerance on that key dimension. The larger the ITG, the looser the tolerance.

Meaning and interpretation

An industrial process has an IT Grade associated with, indicating how precise it is. When designing a part, an engineer will typically determine a key dimension (D) and some tolerance (T) on that dimension. Using this formula, the engineer can determine what IT Grade is necessary to produce the part with those specifications. Thus, if injection molding has an IT Grade of 13 and a part needs an IT Grade of 5, one cannot injection mold that part to those specifications. It is useful in determining the processes capable of producing parts to the needed specification.

Alternate formulation

The followingPotter or Ceramic Artist Truman Bedell from Rexton, has interests which include ceramics, best property developers in singapore developers in singapore and scrabble. Was especially enthused after visiting Alejandro de Humboldt National Park. has been proposed by an unsigned user, though no source is given. In "Manufacturing Processes II" (Tata McGraw-Hill Education) by H S Bawa, the following Equation is given on Page 95 for sizes over 500 mm:

I=0.004⋅D+2.1
T=k⋅I
ITG IT5 IT6 ... IT17 IT18
k 7 10 ... 1600 2500

See also

References

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External links

  1. ↑ ISO Standard 286 http://www.webstore.ansi.org/RecordDetail.aspx?sku=ISO+286-1%3a1988
  2. ↑ Professor Sridhar Kota: ME 452 – Design for Manufacturability, course notes, University of Michigan.
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