|
|
| (One intermediate revision by one other user not shown) |
| Line 1: |
Line 1: |
| In physics, the '''Schwinger model''', named after [[Julian Schwinger]], is the model<ref>{{Cite book | last = Schwinger | first = Julian | authorlink = | coauthors = | title = Gauge Invariance and Mass. II | publisher = Physical Review, Volume 128 | date = 1962 | location = | pages = 2425 | url = | doi = 10.1103/PhysRev.128.2425 | id = | isbn = }}</ref> describing 2D ''[[Euclidean space|Euclidean]]'' [[quantum electrodynamics]] with a [[Dirac spinor|Dirac fermion]]. This model exhibits a [[spontaneous symmetry breaking]] of the U(1) symmetry due to a [[chiral condensate]] due to a pool of [[instanton]]s. The [[photon]] in this model becomes a massive particle at low temperatures. This model can be solved exactly and is used as a [[toy model]] for other more complex theories.<ref>{{Cite book | last = Schwinger | first = Julian | authorlink = | coauthors = | title =The Theory of Quantized Fields I | publisher = Physical Review, Volume 82 | date = 1951 | location = | pages = 914 | url = | doi = 10.1103/PhysRev.82.914 | id = | isbn = }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book | last = Schwinger | first = Julian | authorlink = | coauthors = | title =The Theory of Quantized Fields II | publisher = Physical Review, Volume 91 | date = 1953 | location = | pages = 713 | url = | doi = 10.1103/PhysRev.91.713 | id = | isbn = }}
| | Gabrielle Straub is what the person can call me although it's not the a large number of feminine of names. Guam has always been home. Filing does have been my profession for some time and I'm assigning pretty good financially. Fish keeping is what I do every week. See precisely new on my world wide web site here: http://prometeu.net<br><br>my blog post: [http://prometeu.net clash of clans cheats] |
| </ref>
| |
| | |
| This model exhibits [[colour confinement|confinement]] of the fermions and as such, is a toy model for [[Quantum_chromodynamics|QCD]]. A handwaving argument why this is so is because in two dimensions, classically, the potential between two charged particles goes linearly as <math>r</math>, instead of <math>1/r</math> in 4 dimensions (3 spatial 1 time).
| |
| | |
| ==References==
| |
| {{reflist}}
| |
| | |
| {{quantum-stub}}
| |
| | |
| [[Category:Quantum field theory]]
| |
| [[Category:Exactly solvable models]]
| |
| | |
| {{Quantum field theories}}
| |
Latest revision as of 01:29, 9 January 2015
Gabrielle Straub is what the person can call me although it's not the a large number of feminine of names. Guam has always been home. Filing does have been my profession for some time and I'm assigning pretty good financially. Fish keeping is what I do every week. See precisely new on my world wide web site here: http://prometeu.net
my blog post: clash of clans cheats