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| | Potter or Ceramic Artist Roman from Buckingham, has interests such as leathercrafting, property developers in [http://pinotepanacional.com/groups/new-ec-launch-at-pasir-ris/ singapore apartment for sale] and kitchen chemistry. Just had a family voyage to Curonian Spit. |
| {{No footnotes|date=April 2013}}
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| '''Evert Willem Beth''' (7 July 1908 – 12 April 1964) was a [[Netherlands|Dutch]] [[philosopher]] and [[logician]], whose work principally concerned the [[foundations of mathematics]].
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| == Biography ==
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| Beth was born in [[Almelo]], a small town in the eastern [[Netherlands]]. His father had studied [[mathematics]] and [[physics]] at the [[Universiteit van Amsterdam|University of Amsterdam]], where he had been awarded a [[Doctor of Philosophy|Ph.D]]. Evert Beth studied the same subjects at [[Utrecht University]], but then also studied [[philosophy]] and [[psychology]]. His 1935 [[Ph.D.]] was in philosophy.
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| In 1946, he became professor of [[logic]] and the foundations of mathematics in [[Amsterdam]]. Apart from two brief interruptions – a stint in 1951 as a research assistant to [[Alfred Tarski]], and in 1957 as a visiting professor at [[Johns Hopkins University]] – he held the post in Amsterdam continuously until his death in 1964. His was the first academic post in his country in logic and the foundations of mathematics, and during this time he contributed actively to international cooperation in establishing logic as an academic discipline.
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| He died in [[Amsterdam]].
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| == Contributions to logic ==
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| === Definition theorem ===
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| The definition theorem states that a predicate (or function or constant) is implicitly definable if and only if it is explicitly definable.
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| === Semantic tableaux ===
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| [[Method of analytic tableaux|Semantic tableaux]] are a proof method for [[formal system]]s. Cf. [[Gentzen]]'s [[natural deduction]] and [[sequent calculus]], or even [[J. Alan Robinson]]'s [[First-order resolution|resolution]] and [[David Hilbert|Hilbert's]] axiomatic systems. It is considered by many to be intuitively simple, particularly for students not acquainted with the study of logic ([[Wilfrid Hodges]] for example presents semantic tableaux in his introductory textbook, ''Logic'', and [[Melvin Fitting]] does the same in his presentation of first-order logic for [[computer science|computer scientists]], ''First-order logic and automated theorem proving'').
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| One starts out with the intention of proving that a certain set <math> \Gamma \,</math> of formulae imply another formula <math> \varphi\, </math>, given a set of rules determined by the semantics of the formulae's [[Logical connective|connectives]] (and quantifiers, in [[first-order logic]]). The method is to assume the concurrent truth of every member of <math> \Gamma \,</math> and of <math> \neg \varphi </math> (the negation of <math> \varphi\, </math>), and then to apply the rules to branch this list into a tree-like structure of (simpler) formulae until every possible branch contains a contradiction. At this point it will have been established that <math> \Gamma \cup \{ \neg \varphi \} </math> is inconsistent, and thus that the formulae of <math> \Gamma\, </math> together imply <math> \varphi \,</math>.
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| === Beth models ===
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| These are a class of relational models for non-classical logic (cf. [[Kripke semantics]]).
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| == See also ==
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| * [[Gerrit Mannoury]]
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| * [[Method of analytic tableaux]]
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| == Books ==
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| * Evert W. Beth, ''The foundations of mathematics. A study in the philosophy of science''. XXVΊ + 722 pp. Amsterdam, North-Holland 1959.
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| * Evert W. Beth, ''Epistemologie mathematique et psychologie'' (with J. Piaget). 352 pp. Paris P.U.F. 1961.
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| * Evert W. Beth, ''[[Formal Methods]]: An introduction to symbolic logic and to the study of effective operations in arithmetic and logic''. D. Reidel Publishing Company / Dordecht-Holland, 1970. ISBN 90-277-0069-9.
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| ==References==
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| {{Refbegin}}
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| *{{cite journal|last=Francella|first=Miriam|title=Evert Willem Beth's Scientific Philosophy|journal=Grazer Philosophische Studien|year=1999|volume=57|pages=221–236|doi=10.5840/gps19995712}}
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| *{{cite journal|last=Heyting|first=Alan|title=In memoriam: Evert Willem Beth (1909–1964).|journal=Notre Dame Journal of Formal Logic|year=1966|volume=7|issue=4|pages=289–295}}
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| *{{cite encyclopedia|last=Mooij|first=J J A|title=Beth, Evert Willem (1908–1964) |encyclopedia=Biographical Dictionary of the Netherlands: 1880–2000 |url=http://www.historici.nl/Onderzoek/Projecten/BWN/lemmata/bwn2/beth |accessdate=22 April 2013}}
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| {{Refend}}
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| ==External links==
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| *[http://institucional.us.es/folliweb/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=81&Itemid=69 Beth Prize 2013]
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| *[http://www.knaw.nl/Pages/DEF/27/231.bGFuZz1FTkc.html Evert Willem Beth Foundation]
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| {{Authority control|VIAF=76382085}}
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| {{Persondata <!-- Metadata: see [[Wikipedia:Persondata]]. -->
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| | NAME = Beth, Evert Willem
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| | ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
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| | SHORT DESCRIPTION = Dutch philosopher and logician
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| | DATE OF BIRTH = 7 July 1908
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| | PLACE OF BIRTH =
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| | DATE OF DEATH = 12 April 1964
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| | PLACE OF DEATH =
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| }}
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Beth, Evert Willem}}
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| [[Category:1908 births]]
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| [[Category:1964 deaths]]
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| [[Category:Mathematical logicians]]
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| [[Category:Dutch philosophers]]
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| [[Category:Dutch logicians]]
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| [[Category:Formal methods people]]
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| [[Category:University of Amsterdam faculty]]
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| [[Category:Utrecht University alumni]]
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| [[Category:People from Almelo]]
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Potter or Ceramic Artist Roman from Buckingham, has interests such as leathercrafting, property developers in singapore apartment for sale and kitchen chemistry. Just had a family voyage to Curonian Spit.