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| In computation of radiation performance of multi-port antennas especially in multiple-input multiple-output ([[MIMO]]) antenna systems total active reflection coefficient, TARC, relates the total incident [[Electric power|power]] to the radiated [[Transmitter power output|power]].
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| The '''total active reflection coefficient''' (TARC) is the square root of the sum of all incident powers at the ports minus [[radiated]] power, divided by the sum of all incident powers at the ports of an N-port antenna. The TARC is a function of [[frequency]]. With this definition we can characterize the multi-port [[Antenna (radio)|antenna]]’s frequency [[Bandwidth (signal processing)|bandwidth]] and [[radiation]] performance. TARC can be computed directly from the [[scattering matrix]] for different excitations.
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| :<math> \Gamma^t_a = \frac{\sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^N |b_i|^2}}{\sqrt{\sum_{i=1}^N |a_i|^2}}. </math>
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| where: <math>[b]=[S][a]. </math> <math>[S]</math> is the antenna's [[scattering matrix]], <math>[a]</math> is the excitation [[Euclidean vector|vector]], and <math>[b]</math> represents the scattered vector. The TARC is a [[real number]] between zero and one. When the value of the TARC is equal to zero, all the delivered power is radiated and when it is equal to one, all the delivered power is either reflected back to sources or goes to the other ports.
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| == References ==
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| * {{cite journal | author=[[Majid Manteghi]] ; [[Yahya Rahmat-Samii]]|title=Broadband characterization of the total active reflection coefficient of multiport antennas |
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| journal=[Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 2003. IEEE | year=2003 | pages=vol.3, no., pp. 20–23 vol.3, 22–27 June 2003 | url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1219779&isnumber=27413}}
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| * {{cite journal | author=[[Majid Manteghi]] ; [[Yahya Rahmat-Samii]] |title=Multiport characteristics of a wide-band cavity backed annular patch antenna for multipolarization operations |
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| journal=[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/RecentIssue.jsp?punumber=8 Antennas and Propagation, IEEE Transactions on] | year=2004 | pages=vol.53, no.1, pp. 466–474, Jan. 2005 | url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=1377624&isnumber=30070}}
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| * {{cite journal | author=Daniel Valderas; Pedro Crespo; and Cong Ling |title=UWB portable printed monopole array design for MIMO communications |
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| journal=Microwave and Optical Technology Letters | year=2010 | pages=Volume 52, Issue 4, April 2010, Pages: 889–895| doi=10.1002/mop.25047}}
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| * {{cite journal | author=Sung Ho Chae; Se-keun Oh; Seong-Ook Park |title=Analysis of Mutual Coupling, Correlations, and TARC in WiBro MIMO Array Antenna |
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| journal=Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE | year=2007 | pages=, vol.6, no., pp.122–125, 2007| url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4147566&isnumber=4099326}}
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| * {{cite journal | author=Po-Chuan Hsieh; Fu-Chiarng Chen |title=The relation of TARC-based radiation efficiency and port termination for multiple antenna systems |
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| journal=Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium | year=2008 | pages=pp.1–4, 5–11 July 2008| url=http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=4619408&isnumber=4618896}}
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| * {{cite journal | author=Z. B. Zainal-Abidin; et al. |title=Design of 2 x 2 U-shape MIMO slot antennas with EBG material for mobile handset applications |
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| journal=PIERS Online| year=2011 | pages=Vol. 7, No. 1, 81–84, 2011| url=http://www.piers.org/piersonline/piers.php?volume=7&number=1&page=81}}
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| * {{cite journal | author=A. R. Mallahzadeh, S. Es'haghi, and A. Alipour |title=DESIGN OF AN E-SHAPED MIMO ANTENNA USING IWO ALGORITHM FOR WIRELESS APPLICATION AT 5.8 GHz |
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| journal=Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 90,| year=2009 | pages=187, 203, 2009| url=http://www.jpier.org/PIER/pier90/13.08122704.pdf}}
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| [[Category:Scattering theory]]
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| [[Category:Matrices]]
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