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| In [[mathematics]], in the field of [[topology]], a [[topological space]] is said to be '''realcompact''' if it is completely regular Hausdorff and every point of its [[Stone–Čech compactification]] is real (meaning that the quotient field at that point of the ring of real functions is the reals). Realcompact spaces have also been called '''Q-spaces''', '''saturated spaces''', '''functionally complete spaces''', '''real-complete spaces''', '''replete spaces''' and '''Hewitt-Nachbin spaces'''. Realcompact spaces were introduced by {{harvtxt|Hewitt|1948}}.
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| == Properties ==
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| *A space is realcompact if and only if it can be embedded homeomorphically as a closed subset in some (not necessarily finite) Cartesian power of the reals, with the product topology. Moreover, a (Hausdorff) space is realcompact if and only if it has the uniform topology and is complete for the [[uniform structure]] generated by the continuous real-valued functions (Gillman, Jerison, p. 226).
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| *For example [[Lindelöf space]]s are realcompact; in particular all subsets of <math>\mathbb{R}^n</math> are realcompact.
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| *The (Hewitt) realcompactification υ''X'' of a topological space ''X'' consists of the real points of its Stone–Čech compactification β''X''. A topological space ''X'' is realcompact if and only if it coincides with its Hewitt realcompactification.
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| *Write ''C''(''X'') for the ring of continuous functions on a topological space ''X''. If ''Y'' is a real compact space, then ring homomorphisms from ''C''(''Y'') to ''C''(''X'') correspond to continuous maps from ''X'' to ''Y''. In particular the category of realcompact spaces is dual to the category of rings of the form ''C''(''X'').
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| *In order that a [[Hausdorff space]] ''X'' is '''compact''' it is necessary and sufficient that ''X'' is '''realcompact''' and '''pseudocompact''' (see Engelking, p. 153).
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| ==See also==
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| * [[Compact space]]
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| * [[Paracompact space]]
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| * [[Normal space]]
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| * [[Pseudocompact space]]
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| * [[Tychonoff space]]
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| ==References==
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| * Gillman, Leonard; [[Meyer Jerison|Jerison, Meyer]], "Rings of continuous functions". Reprint of the 1960 edition. Graduate Texts in Mathematics, No. 43. Springer-Verlag, New York-Heidelberg, 1976. xiii+300 pp.
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| *{{Citation | last1=Hewitt | first1=Edwin | title=Rings of real-valued continuous functions. I | jstor=1990558 | mr=0026239 | year=1948 | journal=[[Transactions of the American Mathematical Society]] | issn=0002-9947 | volume=64 | pages=45–99}}.
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| *{{cite book | last = Engelking | first = Ryszard | authorlink=Ryszard Engelking | title=Outline of General Topology | publisher= [[North-Holland Publishing Company|North-Holland Publ. Co.]]|location= Amsterdam | year=1968 | others=translated from Polish}}.
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| *{{Citation | last1=Willard| first1=Stephen| title=General Topology | year=1970 | publisher=[[Addison-Wesley]] | location=Reading, Mass. | edition=}}.
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| [[Category:Compactness (mathematics)]]
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| [[Category:Properties of topological spaces]]
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