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| | What if you are not a breakfast eater? Begin at 8:00 a.m.<br><br>Visit my web-site :: [http://carbbackloadingo.info/ and lose weight] |
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| '''107 Camilla''' is one of the largest [[main-belt]] [[asteroid]]s. It orbits within the [[Cybele asteroid|Cybele Group]], beyond most main-belt asteroids. It has a very dark surface and primitive [[carbonate|carbonaceous]] composition. It was discovered by [[Norman Robert Pogson|N. R. Pogson]] on November 17, 1868, and named after [[Camilla (mythology)|Camilla]], Queen of the [[Volsci]] in [[Roman mythology]].<ref>Lutz D. Schmadel, [http://books.google.ca/books?id=KWrB1jPCa8AC&lpg=PP1&dq=schmadel&pg=PA20#v=onepage&q&f=false ''Dictionary of Minor Planets Names'', p.25].</ref>
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| 10[[Micrometre|µ]] radiometric data collected from [[Kitt Peak]] in 1975 gave a diameter estimate of 209 km.<ref name="Morrison1976"/> Lightcurve analysis indicates that Camilla's pole most likely points towards [[ecliptic coordinate system|ecliptic coordinates]] (β, λ) = (+51°, 72°) with a 10° uncertainty,<ref name="TorKaaMic03"/> which gives it an [[axial tilt]] of 29°.
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| == Satellite (S/2001 (107) I) ==
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| On 1 March 2001, a [[natural satellite|satellite]] of Camilla was found by A. Storrs, F. Vilas, R. Landis, E. Wells, C. Woods, B. Zellner, and M. Gaffey using the [[Hubble Space Telescope]].<ref name="iauc7599">[http://cfa-www.harvard.edu/iauc/07500/07599.html IAUC 7599]</ref> It has been designated '''S/2001 (107) 1''' but has not yet received an official name.
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| Later observations in September 2005 with the [[Very Large Telescope|VLT]] allowed the determination of an orbit.<ref name="marchis"/> Apart from data in infobox, the inclination was found to be 3 ± 1° with respect to an axis pointing towards (β, λ) = (+55°, 75°).<ref name="marchis"/> Given the ~10° uncertainty in the actual rotational axis of Camilla, one can say that the orbit's inclination is less than 10°.
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| The satellite is estimated to measure about 11 km in diameter.<ref name="MarKaaHom06"/> Assuming a similar density to the primary, this would give it an approximate mass of ~1.5{{e|15}} kg. It has a similar colour to the primary.<ref name="iauc7599"/>
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| <!-- Additional parameters for this template are available at [[Template:Infobox Planet]]. -->
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| {{Infobox planet
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| | name=S/2001 (107) 1
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| | width=24em
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| | discovery=yes
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| | physical_characteristics = yes
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| | bgcolour=#A0FFA0
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| | minorplanet=yes
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| | discovery_ref = <ref name="iauc7599"/>
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| | discoverer=[[A. Storrs]], [[F. Vilas]],<br>[[R. Landis]], [[E. Wells]],<br>[[C. Woods]], [[B. Zellner]],<br>and [[M. Gaffey]]
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| | discovered=1 March 2001
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| | mp_category=[[Main belt]] ([[Cybele asteroid|Cybele]])
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| | orbit_ref=<ref name="marchis"/>
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| | semimajor= 1235 ± 16 km
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| | eccentricity= 0.006 ± 0.002
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| | period=3.710 ± 0.001 d
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| | avg_speed=24.2 m/s
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| | satellite_of = 107 Camilla
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| | inclination = < 10°
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| | dimensions=~ 11 ± 2 km<ref name="MarKaaHom06"/>
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| | mass = ~1.5{{e|15}} kg<ref name="mass">Assuming a similar density to the primary.</ref>
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| | escape_velocity= ~ 6 m/s
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| | abs_magnitude=13.18<ref name="MarKaaHom06"/>
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| }}
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| <!-- Additional parameters for this template are available at [[Template:Infobox Planet]]. -->
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| {{Infobox planet
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| | discovery=yes | physical_characteristics = yes | bgcolour=#FFFFC0
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| | name=107 Camilla
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| | width=25em
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| | discoverer=[[Norman Robert Pogson]]
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| | discovered=November 17, 1868
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| | pronounced ={{IPAc-en||k|ə|ˈ|m|ɪ|l|ə}} {{Respell|kə|MIL|ə}}
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| | alt_names=A893 QA; 1938 OG; {{mp|1949 HD|1}}
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| | mp_category=Outer [[Main belt]] ([[Cybele asteroid|Cybele]])
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| | epoch=December 31, 2006 ([[Julian day|JD]] 2454100.5)
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| | orbit_ref = <ref name="JPL"/>
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| | semimajor=520.140 Gm (3.477 [[Astronomical unit|AU]])
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| | perihelion=479.343 Gm (3.204 AU)
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| | aphelion={{nowrap|560.937 Gm (3.750 AU)}}
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| | eccentricity=0.078
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| | period=2368.050 d (6.48 [[Julian year (astronomy)|a]])
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| | inclination=10.048°
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| | asc_node=173.132°
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| | arg_peri=309.877°
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| | mean_anomaly=1.746°
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| | avg_speed=15.95 km/s
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| | dimensions=344×246×205 km<ref name=Baer>{{cite web |year=2008 |title=Recent Asteroid Mass Determinations |publisher=Personal Website |author=Jim Baer |url=http://home.earthlink.net/~jimbaer1/astmass.txt |accessdate=2008-12-05}}</ref><br>285×205×170 ± 20 km<ref name="TorKaaMic03">{{cite journal | author= J. Torppa| title= Shapes and rotational properties of thirty asteroids from photometric data| journal= Icarus| year= 2003| volume= 164| pages= 346| url= http://www.rni.helsinki.fi/~mjk/thirty.pdf |format=PDF| doi= 10.1016/S0019-1035(03)00146-5 | issue= 2 | bibcode=2003Icar..164..346T | author-separator= , | display-authors= 1 | last2= Kaasalainen | first2= Mikko | last3= Michałowski | first3= Tadeusz | last4= Kwiatkowski | first4= Tomasz | last5= Kryszczyńska | first5= Agnieszka | last6= Denchev | first6= Peter | last7= Kowalski | first7= Richard}}</ref><ref name="MarKaaHom06">{{cite journal | author= F. Marchis| title= Shape, size and multiplicity of main-belt asteroids I. Keck Adaptive Optics survey| journal= Icarus| year= 2006| volume= 185| pages= 39–63 | doi= 10.1016/j.icarus.2006.06.001 | pmid= 19081813 | issue= 1 | pmc= 2600456| bibcode= 2006Icar..185...39M | author-separator= , | display-authors= 1 | last2= Kaasalainen | first2= M | last3= Hom | first3= E | last4= Berthier | first4= J | last5= Enriquez | first5= J | last6= Hestroffer | first6= D | last7= Lemignant | first7= D | last8= Depater | first8= I}}</ref><ref name="IRAS">[http://www.psi.edu/pds/resource/imps.html Supplemental IRAS Minor Planet Survey]</ref><ref name="less">Axis ratios (rounded to nearest 5 km) based on lightcurve analysis of Torppa et al. (2003), however taking IRAS mean diameter is inconsistent with the maximum value of the short axis obtained in Marchis et al. (2006). Hence, presumably IRAS measurements were taken of a large face. Therefore, anchoring absolute size by requiring the shortest axis to be no larger than the maximum allowed by Marchis et al. (2006).</ref>
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| | mass=1.12{{e|19}} kg<ref name=Baer/><br>1.09±0.04{{e|19}} kg <ref name="marchis">''[http://astro.berkeley.edu/~fmarchis/Science/Asteroids/Camilla.html 107 Camilla and S/2001 (107) 1]'', F. Marchis</ref><ref name="error">Error estimate derived from consideration of <math>M \propto a^3/P^2</math> and given errors in ''a'' and ''P''. See [[propagation of uncertainty]].</ref>
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| | density=1.40±0.30 g/cm³<ref name=Baer/><br>~1.9 g/cm³ <ref name="marchis"/>
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| | surface_grav=~0.036 m/s²
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| | escape_velocity=0.10 km/s
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| | rotation=0.2018 d (4.84393 h)<ref name="TorKaaMic03"/>
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| | spectral_type=[[C-type asteroid|C]]<ref name="PDS tax">[http://www.psi.edu/pds/resource/taxonomy.html PDS spectral class data]</ref>
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| | magnitude=11.53<ref name=AstDys-Camilla>{{cite web |title=AstDys (107) Camilla Ephemerides |publisher=Department of Mathematics, University of Pisa, Italy |url=http://hamilton.dm.unipi.it/astdys/index.php?pc=1.1.3.1&n=107&oc=500&y0=2001&m0=3&d0=8&h0=0&mi0=0&y1=2001&m1=3&d1=10&h1=0&mi1=0&ti=1.0&tiu=days |accessdate=2010-06-28}}</ref> to 13.93
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| | abs_magnitude=7.08<ref name="IRAS"/>
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| | albedo=0.0525<ref name="IRAS"/>
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| | single_temperature=~151 [[kelvin|K]]<br>''max:'' 223 K (-52°C)}}
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| == References ==
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| {{Reflist|refs=
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| <ref name="JPL">{{Citation
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| | first1 = Donald K.
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| | last1 = Yeomans
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| | title = 107 Camilla
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| | work = JPL Small-Body Database Browser
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| | publisher = NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
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| | url = http://ssd.jpl.nasa.gov/sbdb.cgi?sstr=107
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| | accessdate= 2013-03-25
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| | postscript= .
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| }}</ref>
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| <ref name="Morrison1976">{{Citation
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| | last1 = Morrison
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| | first1 = D.
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| | last2 = Chapman
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| | first2 = C. R.
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| | title = Radiometric diameters for an additional 22 asteroids
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| | work = Astrophysical Journal
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| | volume = 204
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| | pages = 934–939
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| |date=March 1976
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| | doi = 10.1142/9789812834300_0469
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| | bibcode = 2008mgm..conf.2594S
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| | postscript= .
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| }}</ref>
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| }}
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| == External links ==
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| *[http://www.johnstonsarchive.net/astro/astmoons/am-00107.html Data on (87) Sylvia from Johnston's archive] (maintained by W. R. Johnston)
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| *''[http://www.spacedaily.com/news/asteroid-01c.html Hubble Finds New Asteroid Moon]'' (SpaceDaily.com, 21-03-2001), includes discovery image.
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| *''[http://astro.berkeley.edu/~fmarchis/Science/Asteroids/Camilla.html 107 Camilla and S/2001 (107) 1]'', orbit data website maintained by F. Marchis. Includes orbit diagrams.
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| {{Minor planets navigator|106 Dione|108 Hecuba}}
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| {{MinorPlanets_Footer}}
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| {{DEFAULTSORT:Camilla}}
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| [[Category:Binary asteroids]]
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| [[Category:Cybele asteroids]]
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| [[Category:C-type asteroids]]
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| [[Category:Asteroids named from Roman mythology]]
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| [[Category:Astronomical objects discovered in 1868]]
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