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| An '''opisometer''', also called a '''curvimeter''', '''meilograph''', or '''map measurer''', is an instrument for [[measurement|measuring]] the [[length]]s of arbitrary curved lines.
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| [[File:Kurvimeter 1 fcm.jpg|thumbnail|An opisometer]]
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| A simple opisometer consists of a toothed wheel of known [[circumference]] on a handle. The wheel is placed in contact with the curved line to be measured and run along its length. By counting the number of teeth passing a mark on the handle while this is done, the length of the line can be ascertained:
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| :line length = wheel circumference × teeth counted/teeth on wheel.
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| <!--If TeX must be used, one should write \mathrm{line}\ \mathrm{length}, etc.
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| :<math>line length = wheel diameter \times teeth counted / teeth on wheel</math> -->
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| In more sophisticated models, sometimes called a '''chartometer''', the wheel is connected via gearing to a rotary dial from which the line length can be directly read.<ref>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=ThXH7xmUskIC&pg=PA83&dq=opisometer&hl=en&sa=X&ei=HmnGT-WrI6f80QXE_KzTBQ&ved=0CFUQ6AEwBjgK#v=onepage&q=opisometer&f=false Gerard L'Estrange Turner, ''Scientific Instruments, 1500-1900: An Introduction'', Philip Wilson Publishers 1998, ISBN 0-85667-491-5 (p.83)]
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| </ref>
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| The instrument is most commonly used to measure the lengths of roads, rivers and other line features on [[map]]s. Opisometers designed for this purpose provide scales reading the measured distance in kilometers and miles. | |
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| Early versions of this instrument were [[patent]]ed in 1873 by the English engineer Edward Russell Morris.<ref>[http://www.london-gazette.co.uk/issues/24044/pages/5837/page.pdf THE LONDON GAZETTE, DECEMBER 12, 1873]</ref> The instruments he produced were initially described as a ''Patent Chartometer'' although later versions were sold under the curious name of ''Wealemefna''.<ref>[http://www.mathsinstruments.me.uk/page71.html Mathematical Instruments: Map Measurers]</ref> Writing in 1881, Morris described how he had created a wholly original name in an attempt to outwit his imitators; he also refused to disclose the origin of the word.<ref>English Mechanic and World of Science: Vol. 33, London, 1881</ref>
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| ==References==
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| <references />
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| {{commonscat-inline|Opisometers}}
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| {{wiktionary-inline}}
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| [[Category:Dimensional instruments]]
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| [[Category:Cartography]]
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| [[Category:Navigational equipment]]
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