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{{redirect|LXI|for the electronics association|LAN eXtensions for Instrumentation}}
{{for|the Cyrillic letter|Ы}}
{{Infobox number
| number = 61
| factorization = [[prime number|prime]]
| prime =
| divisor = 1, 61
}}
'''61''' ('''sixty-one''') is the [[natural number]] following [[60 (number)|60]] and preceding [[62 (number)|62]].
 
{{wiktionary|sixty-one}}
 
==In mathematics==
It is the 18th [[prime number]]. The previous is [[59 (number)|59]], with which it comprises a [[twin prime]]. Sixty-one is a [[cuban prime]] of the form <math>p = (x^3 - y^3) / (x - y), x = y + 1</math>.
 
61 is 9th [[Mersenne prime]] exponent. (2<sup>61</sup> − 1 = {{nowrap|2,305,843,009,213,693,951}})
 
Sixty-one is the sum of two squares, 5<sup>2</sup> + 6<sup>2</sup>, and it is also a [[centered square number]], a [[centered hexagonal number]] and a [[centered decagonal number]].
 
It is the sixth [[alternating permutation#Related integer sequences|Euler zigzag number]] (or Up/down number).
 
In [[base 14]], 61 is a [[unique prime]] since no other prime has a 6-digit period in base 14.
 
Since 8! + 1 is divisible by 61 but 61 is not one more than a multiple of 8, 61 is a [[Pillai prime]]. In the list of [[Fortunate number]]s, 61 occurs thrice, since adding 61 to either the tenth, twelfth or seventeenth [[primorial]] gives a prime number (namely 6,469,693,291; 7,420,738,134,871; and 1,922,760,350,154,212,639,131).
 
It is also a [[Keith number]], because it recurs in a Fibonacci-like sequence started from its base 10 digits: 6, 1, 7, 8, 15, 23, 38, 61...
 
==In science==
The chemical element with the [[atomic number]] 61 ([[promethium]]), a lanthanide, is the element with the secondary lowest ordinal number that does not possess any stable isotopes. The promethium preceding element with [[atomic number]] 60 ([[neodymium]]) and the promethium following element 62 ([[samarium]]) have all [[stable isotope]]s.
 
===Astronomy===
*[[Messier object]] [[Messier 61|M61]], a [[visual magnitude|magnitude]] 10.5 [[galaxy]] in the [[constellation]] [[Virgo (constellation)|Virgo]]
*The [[New General Catalogue]] [http://www.ngcic.org/ object] [[NGC 61]], a double [[spiral galaxy]] in the constellation [[Pisces (constellation)|Pisces]]
*The [[Saros number|Saros]] [http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/SEsaros/SEsaros1-175.html number] of the [[solar eclipse]] series which began on [[-973]] May 10 and ended on 289 June 5. The duration of Saros series 61 was 1262.1 years, and it contained 71 solar eclipses.
*The Saros [http://sunearth.gsfc.nasa.gov/eclipse/LEsaros/LEsaros1-175.html number] of the [[lunar eclipse]] series which began on [[-870]] October 20 and ended on 609 March 26. The duration of Saros series 61 was 1478.4 years, and it contained 83 lunar eclipses.
*61 Ursae Majoris is located about 31.1 light-years from Sol.[http://www.solstation.com/stars/61uma.htm]
*61 Cygni was christened the "Flying Star" in 1792 by Giuseppe Piazzi (1746-1826) for its unusually large proper motion. [http://www.solstation.com/stars/61cygni2.htm]
 
==In other fields==
'''Sixty-one''' is:
* The number of the French department [[Orne]]
* The [[code for international direct dial]] [[phone]] calls to [[Australia]]
*''[[61*]]'', a 2001 [[baseball movie]] directed by [[Billy Crystal]]
* [[Highway 61 Revisited]] is a [[Bob Dylan]] album
* The [[Highway 61 Blues Festival]] occurs annually in Leland, [[Mississippi]]
* ''[[Highway 61 (film)]]'' is a 1991 film set on U.S. Route 61
* [[U.S. Route 61]] is the highway that inspired so much attention on "Highway 61"
* Part 61 is a law created by the [[FAA]] regarding medical exams. This law has often come under attack by [[AOPA]].
* The [[P-61 Black Widow|P-61]] is the Northrop designed fighter first designated as the XP-61. It first flew on May 26, 1942. It is also known as the ''Black Widow'' as it was the first fighter aircraft designed to be a night fighter
* Sixty 1 brand tobacco produced by Nationwide Tobacco
* 61A is the [[London]] address of [[Margot Wendice]] ([[Grace Kelly]]) and [[Tony Wendice]] ([[Ray Milland]]) in the movie "[[Dial M for Murder]]"
* 1 Liberty Place is [[Philadelphia]]'s tallest building at 61 stories
* The number of Citadel cadets on the [[Summerall Guards]]
* The number of points required to win a "standard" game of [[Cribbage]]<ref>Hoyle, Edmund ''Hoyle's Official Rules of Card Games'' pub. Gary Allen Pty Ltd, (2004) p. 470</ref>
 
==In sports==
* [[New York Yankees]] [[Roger Maris]] hit 61 home runs in 1961
* [[Nolan Ryan]] and [[Tom Seaver]] each had 61 career shutouts
* Hockey great [[Wayne Gretzky]] holds or shares 61 [[NHL]] records (40 for regular season, 15 for Stanley Cup playoff and 6 for All-Star Games)
* [[Los Angeles Lakers]]' [[Elgin Baylor]] set a record for 61 points in a NBA finals game against the Boston Celtics (April 14, 1962)
* [[Rotation (pool)|Rotation]], a variation of [[Pool (cue sports)|pool]], is sometimes called 61
* [[Richie Evans]]' [[NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour]] car number was 61 until his death in 1985
 
==References==
* R. Crandall and C. Pomerance (2005). ''Prime Numbers: A Computational Perspective''. Springer, NY, 2005, p.&nbsp;79.
<references/>
 
==External links==
{{Commons cat|61 (number)}}
 
{{Integers|zero}}
 
{{DEFAULTSORT:61}}
[[Category:Integers]]

Latest revision as of 22:07, 25 December 2014

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