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'''Nonclassical light''' is [[light]] that cannot be described using [[classical electromagnetism]]; its characteristics are described by the quantized [[electromagnetic field]] and [[quantum mechanics]]. Nonclassical light has nonclassical noise properties called [[quantum noise]],  which can be understood on the basis of [[quantum optics]].


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Common described forms of nonclassical light are the following:
    
 
  <li>[http://bbs.anjian.com/home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=blog&blogid= http://bbs.anjian.com/home.php?mod=spacecp&ac=blog&blogid=]</li>
*[[Squeezed coherent state|Squeezed light]] exhibits reduced noise in one quadrature component. The most familiar kinds of squeezed light have either reduced amplitude noise or reduced phase noise, with increased noise of the other component.
    
*[[Fock state]]s (also called [[photon]] number states) have a well-defined number of photons (stored e.g. in a cavity), while the phase is totally undefined.
  <li>[http://www.proyectoalba.com.ar/spip.php?article66/&quot;/ http://www.proyectoalba.com.ar/spip.php?article66/&quot;/]</li>
 
    
==Glauber–Sudarshan P representation==
  <li>[http://pcbbbs.net/read.php?tid=468/read.php?tid=468 http://pcbbbs.net/read.php?tid=468/read.php?tid=468]</li>
{{main|Glauber–Sudarshan P representation}}
    
It has been shown that the [[density matrix]] for any state of light can be written as:
  <li>[http://220.194.55.213:8086/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1759519 http://220.194.55.213:8086/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=1759519]</li>
 
 
: <math>\widehat{\rho} = \int \varphi(\alpha) |{\alpha}\rangle \langle {\alpha}| \rm{d}^2 \alpha,</math>
  <li>[http://ciarcr.org/spip.php?article310/ http://ciarcr.org/spip.php?article310/]</li>
 
 
where <math>\scriptstyle|\alpha\rangle </math> is a [[coherent state]].   A ''classical'' state of light is one in which <math>\scriptstyle\varphi(\alpha) \,</math> is a [[probability density function]]. If it is not, the state is said to be '''nonclassical'''.<ref name="M&W 541">{{harvnb|Mandel|Wolf|1995|page=541}}</ref>
</ul>
 
Aspects of <math>\scriptstyle \varphi(\alpha) \,</math> that would make it nonclassical are:
* a negative value at any point;
* being more singular than a [[Dirac delta function]].
 
The matter is not quite simple. According to Mandel and Wolf: "The different coherent states are not [mutually] orthogonal, so that even if <math>\scriptstyle P(\alpha) \,</math> behaved like a true probability density [function], it would not describe probabilities of mutually exclusive states."<ref name="M&W 541"/>
 
== References ==
===Citations===
{{reflist}}
 
===Citation bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
 
{{Citation
   | last = Mandel
  | first = L.
  | author-link = Leonard Mandel
  | last2 = Wolf
  | first2 = E.
  | author2-link = Emil Wolf
  | title = Optical Coherence and Quantum Optics
  | place = Cambridge UK
  | publisher = Cambridge University Press
  | series =
  | volume =
  | origyear =
  | year = 1995
  | month=
  | edition =
  | chapter =
  | chapterurl =
  | page =
  | pages =
  | language =  
  | url =  
   | archiveurl =
  | archivedate =
   | doi =
  | id =  
  | isbn = 0-521-41711-2
  | mr =  
  | zbl =  
   | jfm = }}
 
{{refend}}
 
=== General references ===
*R. J. Glauber, “Coherent and incoherent states of the radiation field”, Phys. Rev. 131 (6), 2766 (1963)
 
== External links ==
 
* [http://www.rp-photonics.com/nonclassical_light.html Nonclassical light at Encyclopedia of Laser Physics and Technology]
 
[[Category:Quantum optics]]
 
 
{{quantum-stub}}

Latest revision as of 02:22, 28 November 2013

Nonclassical light is light that cannot be described using classical electromagnetism; its characteristics are described by the quantized electromagnetic field and quantum mechanics. Nonclassical light has nonclassical noise properties called quantum noise, which can be understood on the basis of quantum optics.

Common described forms of nonclassical light are the following:

  • Squeezed light exhibits reduced noise in one quadrature component. The most familiar kinds of squeezed light have either reduced amplitude noise or reduced phase noise, with increased noise of the other component.
  • Fock states (also called photon number states) have a well-defined number of photons (stored e.g. in a cavity), while the phase is totally undefined.

Glauber–Sudarshan P representation

Mining Engineer (Excluding Oil ) Truman from Alma, loves to spend time knotting, largest property developers in singapore developers in singapore and stamp collecting. Recently had a family visit to Urnes Stave Church. It has been shown that the density matrix for any state of light can be written as:

ρ^=φ(α)|αα|d2α,

where |α is a coherent state. A classical state of light is one in which φ(α) is a probability density function. If it is not, the state is said to be nonclassical.[1]

Aspects of φ(α) that would make it nonclassical are:

The matter is not quite simple. According to Mandel and Wolf: "The different coherent states are not [mutually] orthogonal, so that even if P(α) behaved like a true probability density [function], it would not describe probabilities of mutually exclusive states."[1]

References

Citations

43 year old Petroleum Engineer Harry from Deep River, usually spends time with hobbies and interests like renting movies, property developers in singapore new condominium and vehicle racing. Constantly enjoys going to destinations like Camino Real de Tierra Adentro.

Citation bibliography

Template:Refbegin

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General references

  • R. J. Glauber, “Coherent and incoherent states of the radiation field”, Phys. Rev. 131 (6), 2766 (1963)

External links


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