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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2012}}
An '''[[order of magnitude]]''' is generally a factor of ten. A quantity growing by four orders of magnitude implies it has grown by a factor of 10000 or 10<sup>4</sup>. However, because computers are binary, orders of magnitude are sometimes given as powers of two.

This article presents a list of multiples, sorted by orders of magnitude, for [[Computer data storage|digital information storage]] measured in [[bit]]s. This article assumes a descriptive attitude towards terminology, reflecting general usage. The article assumes the following:
*A group of 8 bits constitutes one [[byte]]. The [[byte]] is the most common unit of measurement of information ([[megabyte]], [[mebibyte]], [[gigabyte]], [[gibibyte]], etc.).
*In 16-bit and 32-bit architectures, having processor registers of these sizes, that chunk of data is usually called a [[Word (data type)|word]].
*The decimal [[SI prefix]]es ''kilo'', ''mega'' etc., are powers of 10. The [[power of two]] equivalents are the [[binary prefix]]es ''kibi'', ''mebi'', etc.

Accordingly:
* 1 kB ([[kilobyte]]) = 1000 bytes = 8000 bits
* 1 KiB ([[kibibyte]]) = 2<sup>10</sup> bytes = 1024 bytes = 8192 bits
{{-}}
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{| class="wikitable"
|+[[Orders of magnitude]] (data)
|- valign="top"
! colspan=2 | Binary<br>[bits]
! colspan=2 | Decimal
! rowspan=2 | Item
|- valign="top"
! Factor
! Term
! Factor
! Term
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>0</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[bit]]
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>0</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| bit
| 1 bit – 0 or 1, false or true, Low or High
<!-- The unit of entropy has been changed to "shannon" by the ISO standard. The amount "1.5"
 is an approximated value.
* 1.5 bit – average [[information entropy]] per character in English text.
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|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1.58496 bits (<math>\log_2 3</math>) – approximate size of a [[ternary numeral system|trit]] (a base-3 digit)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>1</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2 bits – a crumb (rarely used term), enough to uniquely identify one base pair of [[genetic code]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 3 bits – the size of an [[octal]] digit
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>2</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[nibble]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4 bits – (aka "nybble" or "semioctet", rarely used) the size of a [[hexadecimal]] digit;  [[decimal]] digits in [[binary-coded decimal]] form
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 5 bits – the size of code points in the [[Baudot code]], used in [[teleprinter|telex]] communication
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 6 bits – the size of code points in [[Univac]] [[Fieldata]], in [[Binary-coded decimal#IBMBCD|IBM "BCD" format]],  and in [[Braille]]. Enough to uniquely identify one codon of genetic code.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 7 bits – the size of code points in the [[ASCII]] character set
– minimum length to store 2 decimal digits<br>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>3</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[byte]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 8 bits – (a.k.a. "[[octet (computing)|octet]]") on many computer architectures.  
– Equivalent to 1 "word" on 8-bit computers (Apple II, Atari 800, Commodore 64, et al.).<br>
– the "word size" (instruction length) for 8-bit [[History of video game consoles|console systems]] including: [[Atari 2600]], [[Nintendo Entertainment System]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>1</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| decabit
| 10 bits<br> 
– minimum [[bit]] length to store a single byte with error-correcting memory<br>
– minimum [[Data frame|frame]] length to transmit a single byte with asynchronous serial protocols
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 12 bits – wordlength of the [[PDP-8]] of Digital Equipment Corporation (built from 1965–1990)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>4</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 16 bits<br>
– commonly used in many [[programming language]]s, the size of an [[Integer (computer science)|integer]] capable of holding 65,536 different values<br>
– Equivalent to 1 "word" on 16-bit computers (IBM PC, Commodore Amiga)<br>
– the "word size" (instruction length) for 16-bit [[History of video game consoles|console systems]] including: [[Sega Genesis]], [[Super Nintendo Entertainment System|Super Nintendo]], [[Mattel Intellivision]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>5</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 32 bits (4 bytes)<br>
– size of an integer capable of holding 4,294,967,296 different values<br>
– size of an [[IEEE floating-point standard|IEEE 754]] single-precision [[floating point]] number<br>
– size of addresses in [[IPv4]], the current [[Internet protocol]]<br>
– Equivalent to 1 "word" on 32-bit computers (Apple Macintosh, Pentium-based PC).<br>
– the "word size" (instruction length) for various [[History of video game consoles|console systems]] including: [[PlayStation]],  [[Nintendo GameCube]], [[Xbox (console)|Xbox]], [[Wii]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 36 bits – size of word on Univac 1100-series computers and Digital Equipment Corporation's PDP-10 
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 56 bits (7 bytes) – cipher strength of the [[Data Encryption Standard|DES]] encryption standard
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>6</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 64 bits (8 bytes)<br>
– size of an integer capable of holding 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 different values<br>
– size of an IEEE 754 double-precision floating point number<br>
– Equivalent to 1 "word" on 64-bit computers (Power, PA-Risc, Alpha, Itanium, Sparc, x86-64 PCs and Macintoshes).<br>
– the "word size" (instruction length) for 64-bit [[History of video game consoles|console systems]] including: [[Nintendo 64]], [[PlayStation 2]], [[PlayStation 3]], [[Xbox 360]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 80 bits (10 bytes) – size of an extended precision floating point number, for intermediate calculations that can be performed in floating point units of most [[central processing unit|processor]]s of the x86 family. Capacity of a [[punched card]].
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>2</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| hectobit
| 100 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>7</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 128 bits (16 bytes)<br>
– size of addresses in [[IPv6]], the successor protocol of [[IPv4]]<br>
– minimum cipher strength of the [[Rijndael]] and [[Advanced Encryption Standard|AES]] encryption standards, and of the widely used [[MD5]]  cryptographic [[message digest]] algorithm
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 160 bits – maximum key length of the [[SHA-1]], standard [[Tiger (hash)]], and Tiger2 cryptographic message digest algorithms
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>8</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 256 bits (32 bytes) – minimum key length for the recommended strong cryptographic [[message digest]]s {{As of| 2004| lc=on}}
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>9</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 512 bits (64 bytes) – maximum key length for the standard strong cryptographic [[message digest]]s in 2004
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>3</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[kilobit]]
| 1000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>10</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[kibibit]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1024 bits (128 bytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1288 bits – approximate maximum capacity of a standard [[magnetic stripe card]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>11</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2048 bits (256 bytes) – [[RAM]] capacity of the stock [[Altair 8800]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>12</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4096 bits (512 bytes) 
– typical sector size, and minimum space allocation unit on computer storage volumes, with most [[file system]]s<br>
– approximate amount of information on a sheet of single-spaced typewritten paper (without formatting)<br>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4704 bits (588 bytes) – uncompressed single-channel frame length in standard [[MPEG]] audio (75 frames per second and per channel), with medium quality 8-bit sampling at 44,100&nbsp;[[Hertz|Hz]] (or 16-bit sampling at 22,050&nbsp;Hz)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 8000 bits (10<sup>3</sup> bytes) – one [[kilobyte]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>13</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[kibibyte]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 8192 bits (1,024 bytes) – [[RAM]] capacity of a [[Sinclair ZX81]].
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 9408 bits (1,176 bytes) – uncompressed single-channel frame length in standard MPEG audio (75 frames per second and per channel), with standard 16-bit sampling at 44,100&nbsp;Hz
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>4</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 15,360 bits – one screen of data displayed on an 8-bit monochrome text console (80x24)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>14</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 16,384 bits (2 kibibytes) – one page of typed text,<ref name="alltoomuch"/> RAM capacity of [[Nintendo Entertainment System]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>15</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 32,768 bits (4 kibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>16</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 65,536 bits (8 kibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>5</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 100,000 bits 
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>17</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 131,072 bits (16 kibibytes) – [[RAM]] capacity of the smallest [[Sinclair ZX Spectrum]].
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 160 kilobits – approximate size of this article as of 15 April 2010
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>18</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 262,144 bits (32 kibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>19</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 524,288 bits (64 kibibytes) – [[RAM]] capacity of a lot of popular 8-bit Computers like the [[Commodore 64|C-64]], [[Amstrad CPC]] etc.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>6</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[megabit]]
| 1,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>20</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[mebibit]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1,048,576  bits (128 kibibytes) – [[RAM]] capacity of popular 8-bit Computers like the [[Commodore 128|C-128]], [[Amstrad CPC]] etc. Or a {{nowrap|1024 x 768 pixel}} [[jpeg]] image.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1,978,560 bits – a one-page, standard-resolution black-and-white [[fax]] (1728 × 1145 pixels)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>21</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2,097,152 bits (256 kibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4,147,200 bits – one frame of uncompressed [[NTSC]] DVD video (720 × 480 × 12 bpp Y'CbCr)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>22</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4,194,304 bits (512 kibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4 976 640 bits – one frame of uncompressed [[PAL]] DVD video (720 × 576 × 12 bpp Y'CbCr)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 5 000 000 bits –  Typical English book volume in plain text format of {{nowrap|500 pages × 2000 characters}} per page and 5-bits per character.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 5,242,880 bits (640 kibibytes) – the maximum addressable memory of the original [[IBM PC]] architecture
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 8,000,000 bits (10<sup>6</sup> bytes) – the preferred definition of [[megabyte]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 8,343,400 bits – one "typical" sized [[:Image:Anthomyiidae sp. 1 (aka).jpg|photograph]] with reasonably good quality (1024 × 768 pixels).
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>23</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[mebibyte]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 8,388,608 bits (1024 kibibytes), one of a few traditional meanings of [[megabyte]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>7</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 11,520,000 bits – capacity of a lower-resolution computer monitor (as of 2006), {{nowrap|800 × 600 pixels}}, {{nowrap|24 bpp}}
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 11,796,480 bits – capacity of a 3.5 in [[floppy disk]], colloquially known as 1.44 [[megabyte]] but actually 1.44 × 1000 × 1024 bytes
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>24</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 16,777,216 bits (2 mebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|25 000 000 bits}} – amount of data in a typical color slide
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|30 000 000 bits}} – The first commercial harddisk [[IBM 350]] in 1956 could store {{nowrap|3.75 MiB}} for a cost of {{nowrap|50 000 USD}} which is {{nowrap|{{Inflation|US|50000|1956|r=2}} USD}} today.<ref name=hddcost/>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>25</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|33 554 432 bits}} (4 mebibytes) – RAM capacity of stock [[Nintendo 64]] and average size of a music track in [[MP3]] format.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 41,943,040 bits (5 mebibytes) – approximate size of the [[Complete Works of Shakespeare]]<ref name="alltoomuch">{{cite news| url=http://www.economist.com/specialreports/displaystory.cfm?story_id=15557421| title=A special report on managing information: All too much| date=25 February 2010| work=The Economist| accessdate=4 March 2010}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|80 000 000 bits}} – In 1985 a {{nowrap|10 MB}} harddisk cost {{nowrap|710 USD}} which is {{nowrap|{{Inflation|US|710|1985|r=2}} USD}} today.<ref name="hddcost">{{cite web|title=Cost of Hard Drive Space |url=http://ns1758.ca/winch/winchest.html |date=2013-05-11|accessdate=2013-06-23}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 98,304,000 bits – capacity of a high-resolution computer monitor as of 2011, {{nowrap|2560 × 1600 pixels,}} {{nowrap|24 bpp}}
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 50 – 100 megabits – amount of information in a typical [[telephone directory|phone book]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>26</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>8</sup>
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 67,108,864 bit (8 mebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>27</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 134,217,728 bits (16 mebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 150 megabits – amount of data in a large foldout [[map]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>28</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 268,435,456 bits (32 mebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|144 000 000 bits}}: In 1980 a {{nowrap|18 MB}} harddisk cost {{nowrap|4199 USD}} which is {{nowrap|{{Inflation|US|4199|1980|r=2}} USD}} today.<ref name=hddcost/>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 423,360,000 bits: a five-minute audio recording, in [[Compact Disc|CDDA]] quality
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>29</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 536,870,912 bits (64 mebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>9</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[gigabit]]
| 1,000,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>30</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[gibibit]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1,073,741,824 bits (128 mebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>31</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2,147,483,648 bits (256 mebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>32</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4,294,967,296 bits (512 mebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 5.45{{e| 9}} bits (650 mebibytes) – capacity of a regular [[compact disc]] (CD)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 5.89{{e| 9}} bits (702 mebibytes) – capacity of a large regular compact disc
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 6.4{{e| 9}} bits – capacity of the [[human genome]] (assuming 2 bits for each [[base pair]])
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|6 710 886 400 bits}} – average size of a movie in [[MPEG-4 Part 2|Divx]] format in 2002.<ref name="divxshrink">{{cite web|title=How much does DivX shrink a file? |url=http://forum.doom9.org/archive/index.php/t-23408.html |date=2002-04-18|accessdate=2013-06-24}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|8 000  000 000 bits}} –  in 1995 a {{nowrap|1 GB}} harddisk cost {{nowrap|849 USD}} which is {{nowrap|{{Inflation|US|849|1995|r=2}} USD}} today.<ref name=hddcost/>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>33</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[gibibyte]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|8 589  934 592 bits}} (1024 mebibytes) –  The maximum disk capacity using the 21-bit LBA [[SCSI]] standard introduced in 1979.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>10</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 10 000 000 000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>34</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|17 179 869 184 bits}} (2 gibibytes). The storage limit of [[AT Attachment#Features introduced with each ATA revision|IDE]] standard for harddisks in 1986.  And the volume limit for [[File Allocation Table|FAT16]] released in 1984.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>35</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 34,359,738,368 bits (4 gibibytes) – maximum addressable memory for the [[Motorola 68020]] (1984) and [[Intel 80386]] (1985)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 3.76{{e| 10}} bits (4.7 gigabytes) – capacity of a single-layer, single-sided [[DVD]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>36</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 68,719,476,736 bits (8 gibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|79 215  880 888 bits}} – {{nowrap|9.2 GiB}} size of [[Wikipedia]] article text compressed with [[bzip2]] on 2013-06-05
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>11</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 100,000,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>37</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|137 438 953 472 bits}} (16 gibibytes).
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1.46{{e| 11}} bits (17 gigabytes) – capacity of a double-sided, dual-layered [[DVD]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2.15{{e| 11}} bits (25 gigabytes) – capacity of a single-sided, single-layered 12-cm [[Blu-ray disc]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>38</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 274,877,906,944 bits (32 gibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>39</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 549,755,813,888 bits (64 gibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>12</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[terabit]]
| 1,000,000,000,000 bits (125 gigabytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>40</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[tebibit]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1.34{{e| 12}} bits – estimated capacity of the ''[[Polychaos dubium]]'' genome, the largest known [[genome]]. The storage limit for [[AT Attachment#Features introduced with each ATA revision|ATA-1]] compliant disks introduced in 1994.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1.6{{e| 12}} bits (200 [[gigabyte]]s) – capacity of a [[hard disk]] that would be considered average {{As of| 2008| lc=on}}.  In 2005 a {{nowrap|200 GB}} harddisk cost {{nowrap|100 USD}} which is {{nowrap|{{Inflation|US|100|2005|r=2}} USD}} today.<ref name=hddcost/>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>41</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2,199,023,255,552 bits (256 gibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>42</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4,398,046,511,104 bits (512 gibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|8 000 000  000 000 bits}} (1000 gibibytes)  In 2010 a {{nowrap|1 TB}} harddisk cost {{nowrap|80 USD}} which is {{nowrap|{{Inflation|US|80|2010|r=2}} USD}} today.<ref name=hddcost/>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>43</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[tebibyte]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 8,796,093,022,208 bits (1024 gibibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|(approximately) 8.97{{e| 12}} bits – {{As of| 2010| lc=on}}, data of [[pi|π]] to the largest number of decimal digits ever calculated (2.7{{e| 12}})
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>13</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|10 000 000 000 000 bits}} (1.25 [[terabyte]]s) – capacity of a human being's functional memory, according to [[Raymond Kurzweil]] in [[The Singularity Is Near]], p.&nbsp;126
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|16 435 678  019 584 bits}} (1.9 [[terabyte]]s) – Size of all multimedia files used in English [[wikipedia]] on May 2012
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>44</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|17 592 186  044 416 bits}} (2 tebibytes) – capacity of a [[hard disk]] that would be considered average {{As of| 2012| lc=on}} and the maximum disk capacity using the  32-bit LBA [[SCSI]] introduced in 1987.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>45</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 35,184,372,088,832 bits (4 tebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>46</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 70,368,744,177,664 bits (8 tebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>14</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 100,000,000,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>47</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|140 737 488 355 328 bits}} (16 tebibytes). [[NTFS]] volume capacity in [[Windows 7]], [[Windows Server 2008 R2]] or earlier implementation.<ref name="How NTFS Works">{{cite web
   | url = http://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc781134(v=ws.10).aspx
   | title = How NTFS Works
   | date = 2003-03-28
   | work = Windows Server 2003 Technical Reference
   | author = [[Microsoft TechNet]]
   | accessdate = 2011-09-12
}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1.5{{e| 14}} bits (18.75 terabytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>48</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 281,474,976,710,656 bits (32 tebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>49</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 562,949,953,421,312 bits (64 tebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>15</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[petabit]]
| 1,000,000,000,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>50</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[pebibit]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1,125,899,906,842,624 bits (128 tebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>51</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2,251,799,813,685,248 bits (256 tebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>52</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4,503,599,627,370,496 bits (512 tebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 8,000,000,000,000,000 bits (10<sup>15</sup> bytes) – one [[petabyte]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>53</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[pebibyte]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 9,007,199,254,740,992 bits (1024 tebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>16</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 10,000,000,000,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>54</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 18,014,398,509,481,984 bits (2 pebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>55</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 36,028,797,018,963,968 bits (4 pebibytes) – theoretical maximum of addressable physical memory in the [[AMD64]] architecture {{Citation needed|date=December 2012}}
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4.5{{e| 16}} bits (5.625 [[petabyte]]s) – estimated hard drive space in [[Google]]'s [[server farm]] {{As of| 2004| lc=on}} {{Citation needed|date=December 2012}}
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>56</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 72,057,594,037,927,936 bits (8 pebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 10 petabytes (10<sup>16</sup> bytes) – estimated approximate size of the [[Library of Congress]]'s collection, including non-book materials, as of 2005.<ref>{{cite web| url=http://outgoing.typepad.com/outgoing/2005/06/entire_library_.html| title=Entire Library of Congress| last=Hickey| first=Thom ([[OCLC]] Chief Scientist)| date=21 June 2005| work=Outgoing| accessdate=5 May 2010}}</ref> Size of the [[Internet Archive]] topped 10 PB in October 2013<ref>[http://gizmodo.com/5955437/the-internet-archive-has-now-saved-a-whopping-10000000000000000-bytes-of-data The Internet Archive Has Now Saved a Whopping 10,000,000,000,000,000 Bytes of Data], retrieved October 2nd 2013</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>17</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 100,000,000,000,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>57</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 144,115,188,075,855,872 bits (16 pebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2{{e| 17}} bits (25 [[petabyte]]s) – Storage space of [[Megaupload]] file-hosting service at the time it was shut down in 2012<ref>[http://www.hellkom.co.za/newsviewer/technology/873/ 25 petabyte on Megaupload.] Retrieved 16 February 2012</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>58</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 288,230,376,151,711,744 bits (32 pebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>59</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 576,460,752,303,423,488 bits (64 pebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 8 {{e| 17}}, the storage capacity of the fictional ''[[Star Trek]]'' character [[Data (Star Trek)|Data]]
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>18</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[exabit]]
| 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>60</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[exbibit]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|1 152 921 504 606 846 976 bits}} (128 pebibytes). The storage limit using the [[AT Attachment#Features introduced with each ATA revision|ATA-6]] standard introduced in 2002.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1.6{{e| 18}} bits (200 [[petabyte]]s) – total amount of [[Printing|print]]ed material in the world {{Citation needed|date=December 2012}}
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>61</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2,305,843,009,213,693,952 bits (256 pebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>62</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4,611,686,018,427,387,904 bits (512 pebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>63</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| [[exbibyte]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 9,223,372,036,854,775,808 bits (1024 pebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>19</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 10,000,000,000,000,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>64</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 18,446,744,073,709,551,616 bits (2 exbibytes).
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>65</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 36,893,488,147,419,103,232 bits (4 exbibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 50,000,000,000,000,000,000 bits (50 [[exabit]])
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>66</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 73,786,976,294,838,206,464 bits (8 exbibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>20</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|100 000 000 000 000 000 000 bits}}
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>67</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| {{nowrap|147 573 952 589 676 412 928 bits}} (16 exbibytes) – maximum addressable memory using 64-bit addresses without [[x86 memory segmentation|segmentation]]{{Citation needed|date=December 2012}}  Maximum volume and filesize for [[ZFS]] filesystem.
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>68</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 295,147,905,179,352,825,856 bits (32 exbibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 3.5 × 10<sup>20</sup> bits – increase in information capacity when {{nowrap|1 Joule}} of energy is added to a heat-bath at {{nowrap|300 K}} {{nowrap|(27 °C)}}<ref><math>\scriptstyle\frac{1}{300}</math>{{Citation needed|date=December 2012}} J K<sup>−1</sup></ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>69</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 590,295,810,358,705,651,712 bits (64 exbibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>21</sup>
| [[zettabit]]
| 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>70</sup>
| [[zebibit]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 bits (128 exbibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>71</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2,361,183,241,434,822,606,848 bits (256 exbibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 3.4{{e| 21}} bits (0.36 [[zettabyte]]s) – amount of information that can be stored in {{nowrap|1 gram}} of [[DNA]]<ref>http://www.tmrfindia.org/ijcsa/V2I29.pdf</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4.7{{e| 21}} bits (0.50 zettabytes) – amount of digitally stored information in the world as of May 2009<ref>[http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2009/may/18/digital-content-expansion "Internet data heads for 500bn gigabytes"], ''[[The Guardian]]'', 18 May 2009. Retrieved on 23 April 2010.</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>72</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 4,722,366,482,869,645,213,696 bits (512 exbibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>73</sup>
| [[zebibyte]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 9,444,732,965,739,290,427,392 bits (1024 exbibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>22</sup>
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 bits
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>76</sup>
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 2<sup>76</sup> bits – Maximum volume and file size in the [[Unix File System]] (UFS) and maximum disk capacity using the 64-bit LBA [[SCSI]] standard introduced in 2000 using 512-byte blocks.<ref name="sbc2r04">{{cite web|title=Working Draft T10, American National Standard Project 1417-D, Revision 4, 28 July 2001 |url=http://www.o3one.org/hwdocs/scsispecs/hard_disk_sbc2r04.pdf |page=72 |date=2002-01-08|accessdate=2013-06-23|publisher=o3one.org}}</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>23</sup> 
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1.0{{e| 23}} bits – increase in information capacity when 1 Joule of energy is added to a heat-bath at 1 K (−272.15 °C)<ref>1 J K<sup>−1</sup>.  Equivalent to 1/(''[[Boltzmann's constant|k]]'' ln 2) bits, where ''k'' is [[Boltzmann's constant]]</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 6.0{{e| 23}} bits – information content of 1 mole (12.01 g) of [[graphite]] at 25 °C; equivalent to an average of 0.996 bits per atom.<ref>Equivalent to 5.74 J K<sup>−1</sup>. Standard molar entropy of graphite.</ref> 
|- valign="top"
|
|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>24</sup> 
|[[yottabit]]
| 7.3{{e| 24}} bits – information content of 1 mole (18.02 g) of liquid water at 25 °C; equivalent to an average of 12.14 bits per molecule.<ref>Equivalent to 69.95 J K<sup>−1</sup>. Standard molar entropy of water.</ref> 
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>80</sup>
| [[yobibit]]
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|  1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 bits (128 zebibytes)
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>25</sup> 
|style="border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1.1{{e| 25}} bits – entropy increase of {{nowrap|1 mole}} {{nowrap|(18.02 g)}} of water, on vaporizing at {{nowrap|100 °C}} at standard pressure; equivalent to an average of {{nowrap|18.90 bits}} per molecule.<ref>Equivalent to 108.9 J K<sup>−1</sup></ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
|style="border-top:0px; border-bottom:0px;"|
| 1.5{{e| 25}} bits – information content of 1 mole (20.18 g) of [[neon]] gas at 25 °C and 1 atm; equivalent to an average of 25.39 bits per atom.<ref>Equivalent to 146.33 J K<sup>−1</sup>. Standard molar entropy of neon. An experimental value, see [http://cccbdb.nist.gov/thermo.asp] for a theoretical calculation.</ref>
|- valign="top"
| 2<sup>150</sup>
|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>45</sup> 
|
| ~ 10<sup>45</sup> bits – the number of bits required to perfectly recreate the natural matter of the average-sized U.S. adult male [[human being]] down to the quantum level on a computer is about 2{{e|45}} bits of information (see [[Bekenstein bound]] for the basis for this calculation). 
|- valign="top"
|
|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>58</sup> 
|
|~ 10<sup>58</sup> bits – thermodynamic entropy of the [[sun]]<ref>Given as 10<sup>42</sup> erg K<sup>−1</sup> in Bekenstein (1973), [http://128.112.100.2/~mcdonald/examples/QM/bekenstein_prd_7_2333_73.pdf Black Holes and Entropy], ''[[Physical Review D]]'' '''7''' 2338</ref> (about 30 bits per proton, plus 10 bits per electron).
|- valign="top"
|
|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>69</sup> 
|
| ~ 10<sup>69</sup> bits – thermodynamic entropy of the [[Milky Way Galaxy]] (counting only the [[star]]s, not the [[black holes]] within the galaxy) {{Citation needed|date=December 2012}}
|- valign="top"
|
|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>77</sup> 
|
| 1.5{{e| 77}} bits – information content of a one-solar-mass [[black hole]].<ref>Entropy = <math>\scriptstyle A c^3 / 4 G \hbar</math> in nats, with <math>A = 16\pi G^2 M^2/c^4</math> for a Schwarzschild black hole. 1 nat = 1/ln(2) bits.  See [[Jacob D. Bekenstein]] (2008), [http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Bekenstein-Hawking_entropy Bekenstein-Hawking entropy], ''[[Scholarpedia]]''.</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>305</sup>
|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>92</sup> 
|
| The information capacity of the [[observable universe]], according to [[Seth Lloyd]].<ref>[[Seth Lloyd]] (2002), Computational capacity of the universe, ''[[Physical Review Letters]]'' '''88''' (23):237901.</ref>
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>332.1928</sup>
|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>100</sup> 
|
| [[googol]] number
|- valign="top"
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 2<sup>3.321928·[[googol]]</sup>
|
|style="border-bottom:0px;"| 10<sup>[[googol]]</sup> 
|
| [[googolplex]] number
|- valign="top"
|}

For comparison, the [[Avogadro constant]] is {{val|6.02214179|(30)|e=23}} entities per mole, based upon the number of atoms in 12&nbsp;grams of [[carbon-12]] isotope.

In 2012, hard disks used about one million atoms to store one bit. In January 2012, IBM researchers announced they had achieved the storage of 1 bit in just 12 atoms using [[antiferromagnetism]] and a [[scanning tunneling microscope]] with [[iron]] and [[copper]] atoms. This could mean a practical jump from a {{nowrap|1 TB}} disk to a {{nowrap|100 TB}} disk.<ref name=hddcost/><ref name="ibm12">{{cite web|title=IBM Smashes Moore's Law, Cuts Bit Size to 12 Atoms |url=http://www.cio.com/article/697977/IBM_Smashes_Moore_s_Law_Cuts_Bit_Size_to_12_Atoms |date=2012-01-12|accessdate=2013-06-23}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[SI prefix]]
* [[Data rate units]]
* [[Orders of magnitude (entropy)]]

== References ==
{{reflist|colwidth=30em}}

{{Orders of magnitude wide}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Orders Of Magnitude (Data)}}
[[Category:Orders of magnitude|Data]]